论WTO框架下“归零法”的违法性问题

发布时间：2018-04-11 09:05

本文选题：反倾销 + “归零法”　；参考：《华东政法大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：“归零法”是近年来反倾销实务中备受争议的一个问题,它经常被以美国为代表的一些国家应用于反倾销调查实践中,虽然“归零法”引起了很多WTO成员方的不满,并屡次在WTO专家组和上诉机构报告中被认定为违法,但由于美国等反倾销大国的强硬立场,完全废止“归零法”的前路相当渺茫。我国是现今世界上被采取反倾销措施最多的国家,对本问题的深入研究,会使我国在面对反倾销调查中的归零计算法时,有更好的应对之策。国内学界关于“归零法”问题似乎未有足够重视。虽然大部分关于反倾销方面的书籍都对“归零法”问题有所涉及,但相关文献往往只是结合具体案例对“归零法”做了简要的介绍和评论,而并未对整个归零问题进行全面的研究探讨。本文试图通过对各种归零计算方法做一个比较全面的介绍,并通过对WTO框架下“归零法”的违法性进行深入分析和对多哈回合谈判关于“归零法”问题发展的探讨,为中国在应对“归零法”问题时,提出建议。本论文将分四个部分论述,具体结构如下: 第一部分是关于反倾销实践中归零法运用的基本法律问题。本部分首先对倾销认定过程的基本概念做了简要介绍,随后介绍了倾销幅度的计算方法,并说明正常价值与出口价格比较的几种方法,然后介绍了“归零法”在反倾销实践中的分类,包括类型归零法、简单归零法和阶段归零法,并对他们在计算倾销幅度中的应用作了介绍。第二部分是关于“归零法”的违法性分析。本部分首先简要介绍了在GATT及WTO框架下“归零法”问题法律地位的演变,然后详细分析了产生“归零法”争议的法律条款,包括《反倾销协定》第2.4.2条和第17.6(ⅱ)条,随后通过对GATT1994和《反倾销协定》相关条款进行的解读,引出DSB对“归零法”的违法性分析。第三部分是关于多哈回合有关“归零法”的发展及趋势。本部分重点介绍了在多哈回合谈判中各成员方对于“归零法”问题的态度,以及主席文本的妥协,并说明了多哈回合谈判后“归零法”问题的可能发展趋势。第四部分是关于中美“暖水虾”归零法争端案及对中国的建议。本部分首先介绍了中美“暖水虾”归零法争端案,然后对中国应对“归零法”问题提出了建议,具体包括如下五个方面:坚定立场,联合力量促成《反倾销协定》的修改;在WTO争端解决机制下就针对中国的反倾销归零问题积极提起告诉;积极促成WTO争端解决机制的改革;成立针对贸易争端的研究和咨询的专门机构;积极应对有关的内国诉讼。
[Abstract]:"Zero return" is a controversial issue in anti-dumping practice in recent years. It is often applied in anti-dumping investigation practice by some countries represented by the United States, although "zero return law" has aroused the dissatisfaction of many WTO members.It has been found to be illegal in the reports of WTO expert groups and appellate bodies, but due to the strong stance of the United States and other anti-dumping powers, the way forward to completely abolish the "Zero Law" is rather slim.China is the country with the most antidumping measures in the world. The thorough study of this problem will make our country have better countermeasures in the face of the zero calculation method in the anti-dumping investigation.The problem of returning to zero does not seem to be paid enough attention to in domestic academic circles.Although most of the books on antidumping have dealt with the issue of "zeroing", the relevant literature has often only briefly introduced and commented on the "zeroing method" in combination with specific cases.But did not carry on the overall research discussion to the whole return zero question.This paper attempts to make a comprehensive introduction to various methods of zeroing calculation, and through the in-depth analysis of the illegality of the Zero-Returning method under the framework of WTO and the discussion of the development of the "Zero-Returning method" in the Doha Round negotiation.This paper puts forward some suggestions for China to deal with the problem of "returning to zero".This paper will be divided into four parts, the specific structure is as follows:The first part is about the basic legal problems in the practice of anti-dumping.This part firstly introduces the basic concept of dumping identification process, then introduces the calculation method of dumping margin, and explains several methods of comparing normal value with export price.Then it introduces the classification of "return to zero" in the practice of anti-dumping, including the method of type zero, the simple method of returning to zero and the method of returning to zero by stages, and their application in calculating dumping margin is introduced.The second part is about the analysis of the illegality of the return to Zero method.This part first briefly introduces the evolution of the legal status of the "zeroing method" under the framework of GATT and WTO, and then analyzes in detail the legal provisions which give rise to the "zeroing law" dispute, including articles 2.4.2 and 17.6 (II) of the Anti-dumping Agreement.Then, through the interpretation of GATT1994 and the relevant articles of the Anti-dumping Agreement, the author draws the analysis of DSB's illegality of "Zero return Law".The third part is about the development and trend of the Doha Round.This part mainly introduces the attitude of members on the issue of "zero return" in the Doha Round negotiations, and the compromise of the President's text, and explains the possible development trend of the "return to zero law" issue after the Doha Round negotiation.The fourth part is about the Chinese-American "warm water shrimp" zero-to-France dispute and suggestions to China.This part first introduces the Sino-American "warm water shrimp" zero-law dispute case, and then puts forward some suggestions to China to deal with the "zero-law" issue, including the following five aspects: firm stand, United forces to promote the revision of the Anti-dumping Agreement;Under the WTO dispute settlement mechanism, we should actively inform about the issue of zero anti-dumping against China; actively promote the reform of the WTO dispute settlement mechanism; set up a specialized agency for research and consultation on trade disputes; and actively deal with relevant domestic litigation.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D996.1

【引证文献】