日本海洋安全战略:历史演变与现实影响

发布时间：2018-04-11 13:03

本文选题：日本 + 海洋安全战略　；参考：《世界经济与政治论坛》2011年01期

【摘要】：近代日本奉行海洋军事扩张战略,配合和支持大陆扩张政策,在亚太地区多次挑起海上战争,最终在太平洋战争中遭致惨败。冷战时期,日本曾一度吸取战前教训,制定的海洋安全战略以"专守防卫"为原则,在重建并适度发展海上武装力量的同时,主要依靠美国海权保护海洋安全。进入新世纪以来,日本海洋安全战略在经历20世纪90年代的徘徊、调整之后,开始进入新的扩张期,通过制定一系列支持海洋扩张的政策法规、加强对海洋领土和可管辖海域的争夺以及强化对海洋争夺的战略指导等措施,使其海洋安全战略的目标具有了更大的冒险性,战略手段更趋于综合性,其中,军事手段运用正在突破宪法制约,成为影响海洋区域稳定的重大消极因素。日本海洋安全战略上述基本特征,将对中国的海洋安全带来巨大挑战,不仅将严重压缩中国面向海洋的战略发展空间,致中国在亚太海洋战略博弈中的被动孤立地位,还可能扰乱台海问题的和平解决,增大中国处理与周边国家海洋争端的难度。中国既要辩证看待日本海洋安全战略的现实和走向,正确认识它与过去军国主义海洋扩张的本质差异,也要注意对中国和平发展带来的负面影响,在保持战略定力、持之以恒地强化海洋综合国力的基础上,强化战略竞争意识,显示敢于应对挑战的决心和恒心,又要注意斗争策略,讲究斗争艺术,为国家和平发展奠定海上安全的坚实基础。
[Abstract]:In modern times, Japan pursued the strategy of maritime military expansion, cooperated with and supported the policy of continental expansion, provoked maritime wars many times in the Asia-Pacific region, and finally suffered a tragic defeat in the Pacific War.During the Cold War period, Japan once learned from the lessons before the war and formulated a maritime security strategy based on the principle of "exclusive defense". While rebuilding and moderately developing maritime armed forces, Japan mainly relied on the maritime power of the United States to protect maritime security.Since the beginning of the new century, Japan's maritime security strategy has begun to enter a new period of expansion through a series of policies and regulations to support the expansion of the sea after it has been hovering and adjusting in the 1990s.Measures such as enhanced competition for maritime territory and areas under jurisdiction, as well as enhanced strategic guidance for maritime competition, have made the objectives of their maritime security strategies more adventurous and their strategic instruments more comprehensive, among them,The use of military means is breaking through constitutional constraints and becoming a major negative factor affecting the stability of marine regions.The above basic characteristics of Japan's marine security strategy will bring great challenges to China's maritime security, and will not only seriously reduce China's strategic development space facing the sea, but also lead to China's passive and isolated position in the Asia-Pacific Ocean Strategic Game.It could also disrupt the peaceful settlement of the Taiwan Strait issue, making it more difficult for China to deal with maritime disputes with neighboring countries.China should dialectically view the reality and trend of Japan's maritime security strategy, correctly understand the essential differences between Japan and the militaristic maritime expansion in the past, and also pay attention to the negative impact on China's peaceful development and maintain its strategic determination.
【作者单位】：海军指挥学院;
【基金】：冯梁主持的国家海洋局项目“世界海洋形势研究”子课题“世界主要国家海洋安全战略”的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：D993.5;D931.3

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