论国际条约的国内适用问题

发布时间：2018-04-11 15:13

本文选题：国际条约 + 国内　；参考：《兰州学刊》2010年06期

【摘要】：条约在国内的适用有一元论、二元论、协调论三种理论,有转化、并入和准并入三种实践做法。一元论与二元论并非真的格格不入,各国在国际条约的国内适用问题上的差异也并非想象的那么大。我国在宪法上没有对条约在国内适用的规定,条约在我国的直接效力取决于具体国内法的规制。总的来说,我国在立法上是兼采"一元论"与"二元论",但更加倾向于"二元论"的。就实践做法来看,我国与世界各国具有相似之处,即某些具有"自动执行性"的条约在一定条件下可以得到直接适用。如果中国在宪法上确立条约适用的准则的话,建议直接明确:有且只有具备"自动执行性"的条约才能在国内得到直接适用,其他条约应当被立法机关转化为国内法后适用,法院应当尽量协调国际条约与国际法的关系。
[Abstract]:There are three theories about the application of treaties in China: monism, dualism and coordination theory.Monism and dualism are not really incompatible with each other, and the differences between countries in the domestic application of international treaties are not as great as expected.There are no provisions on the application of treaties in China's constitution, and the direct effect of treaties in China depends on the regulation of specific domestic laws.In general, China adopts both monism and dualism in legislation, but tends to dualism.From the point of view of practice, there are similarities between China and other countries in the world, that is, some treaties with "automatic execution" can be directly applied under certain conditions.If China constitutionally establishes guidelines for the application of treaties, the recommendation is straightforward: only treaties with "self-executing character" can be directly applied domestically, and other treaties should be translated into domestic law by the legislature.The Court should try to reconcile the relationship between international treaties and international law.
【作者单位】：武汉大学国际法研究所;
【基金】：2009年武汉大学自主科研项目“国际法哲学的本体研究”(09ZZKY063)的资助
【分类号】：D993.8

【共引文献】