外空争端解决机制变革研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 05:42

本文选题：外层空间 + 争端解决机制　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着人类科技的进步，外空活动日益频繁。国家不再是外空活动的唯一主体，私人资本开始登上外空活动的舞台。传统以国家为中心的外空争端解决机制不能满足外空活动发展的需要。外空争端解决机制亟待变革。本文将就外空争端解决机制变革问题的方方面面进行详细的分析与论证。从理论角度来看，传统的外空争端解决机制不能适应外层空间活动商业化和私营化的发展趋势，且由于本身规定的不足亟待新的变革。研究外空争端解决机制可能的变革方向，对各种理论进行系统的整理，有助于理清外空争端解决机制发展的脉络，找到最适合解决外空争端的方法。常设仲裁法院的《外空活动争端任择性仲裁规则》为实现外空争端解决机制的变革找到了突破口。但是国内外学者对于这个问题重视不足。对此问题的一个全面研究有助于掌握常设仲裁法院解决外空争端的法律机制，，同时能够对中国利用国际仲裁解决外空争端提出意见和建议。从实践角度来看，传统的外空争端解决机制由于规定的过于原则性，造成可操作性不强，这套机制运行50多年以来几乎没有被使用过（唯一的一个案例“宇宙954号案件”并没有启动其中具有法律性质的求偿委员会的程序）。而常设仲裁法院出台的这套《仲裁规则》则具有实践上的可操作性，研究这套《仲裁规则》有助于建立一套真正可被使用的外空争端解决机制，并能够有针对性的提出中国在面对这种情况所能够选择的对策。本文将采取国际法研究领域中的多种研究方法，全面的分析传统外空争端解决机制，整理出外空争端解决机制变革的方向并分析其合理性。在此基础上研究常设仲裁法院建立的外空争端解决机制，分析其法律基础和运行模式。最后将就我国如何善用这套争端解决机制以及如何参与外空争端解决机制的变革提出自己的意见。总的来说，常设仲裁法院通过的《外空活动争端任择性仲裁规则》是公平合理的解决外空争端的有效手段。它不仅解决了传统外空争端解决机制以国家为唯一主体的弊端，同时兼顾了效率与公平。这一争端解决机制值得我国广大国际法学者与航天业从业者认真的研究与合理的应用。
[Abstract]:With the progress of human science and technology, outer space activities become more and more frequent.The state is no longer the sole subject of outer space activities, and private capital is beginning to take place in outer space activities.The traditional state-centered dispute settlement mechanism for outer space cannot meet the needs of the development of outer space activities.The dispute settlement mechanism in outer space needs to be reformed.This paper will make detailed analysis and argumentation on all aspects of the reform of outer space dispute settlement mechanism.From a theoretical point of view, the traditional outer space dispute settlement mechanism can not adapt to the trend of commercialization and privatization of outer space activities, and needs new changes because of its own deficiencies.It is helpful to clarify the development of outer space dispute settlement mechanism and to find the most suitable way to settle the dispute in outer space by studying the possible change direction of outer space dispute settlement mechanism and systematically arranging various theories.The optional Arbitration rules for disputes in Outer Space activities of the permanent Court of Arbitration find a breakthrough for the reform of the dispute settlement mechanism in outer space.But domestic and foreign scholars pay less attention to this problem.A comprehensive study of this issue will help to grasp the legal mechanism of the permanent Court of Arbitration for the settlement of outer space disputes, and at the same time, it will be able to put forward opinions and suggestions on the use of international arbitration in the settlement of outer space disputes by China.From a practical point of view, the traditional dispute settlement mechanism for outer space is not operable because of its excessively principled nature.This mechanism has hardly been used in more than 50 years of operation (the only case, case Cosmos 954), did not initiate the proceedings of the claims Commission, which is of a legal nature.The set of arbitration rules issued by the permanent Court of Arbitration is practical and the study of the Arbitration rules is conducive to the establishment of a truly usable mechanism for the settlement of disputes in outer space.And can be targeted to put forward China in the face of this situation can choose the countermeasures.This paper will adopt a variety of research methods in the field of international law, analyze the traditional dispute settlement mechanism in outer space comprehensively, sort out the direction of the transformation of the dispute settlement mechanism in outer space and analyze its rationality.On this basis, this paper studies the outer space dispute settlement mechanism established by the permanent Court of Arbitration, and analyzes its legal basis and operation mode.Finally, we will put forward our own opinions on how to make good use of the dispute settlement mechanism and how to participate in the transformation of the outer space dispute settlement mechanism.In general, the optional Arbitration rules for disputes in Outer Space activities adopted by the permanent Court of Arbitration are an effective and fair means of resolving disputes in outer space.It not only solves the drawback of the traditional outer space dispute settlement mechanism that the state is the sole subject, but also gives consideration to the efficiency and fairness.This dispute settlement mechanism is worthy of our country's international law scholars and spaceflight practitioners to study and apply rationally.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D999.1

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