论跨界环境损害责任的确定因素

发布时间：2018-04-17 12:43

  本文选题：跨界环境损害责任 + 制度成本　； 参考：《时代法学》2011年02期

【摘要】：跨界环境损害的通常含义是指跨过国家边界线的物理存在或溢出造成的损害。污染方责任的确定首先应该考虑直接决定污染的因素,包括预防措施及恢复原状的成本和合理反应措施的费用。前者指符合成本效益的费用,即建立和维持集体行动制度的成本。后者是在确定这样的救济时,核心问题应该是合理和谨慎的主权国家或其代理人为减轻污染造成的损害而将采取的步骤,并同时注意技术可行性、有害的负作用以及这种再生过程的兼容性或其重叠性,以及在多大程度上这种努力超出了某一点变得多余或过于昂贵。其次需要考虑的是间接决定污染的因素,包括人身、财产与环境的损害。另外,在判断受害国的哪些损害应由加害国承担赔偿责任的问题上,需要考虑的另外一种情况是损害不是单纯由不法行为引起的,而是由并存的原因引起的。还有一个促成损害的问题需要考虑。
[Abstract]:Transboundary environmental harm is usually defined as damage caused by physical presence or spillover across the national boundary line.The responsibility of the polluter should be determined first by considering the factors that directly determine the pollution, including the cost of prevention and restitution and the cost of reasonable response measures.The former refers to the cost-effective cost, that is, the cost of establishing and maintaining a system of collective action.The latter being the steps to be taken by reasonable and cautious sovereign States or their agents to mitigate the damage caused by pollution, while paying attention to the technical feasibility, in determining such relief,Harmful negative effects, the compatibility or overlap of the regeneration process, and the extent to which such efforts go beyond what becomes superfluous or too expensive.The next thing to consider is the indirect determinants of pollution, including personal, property and environmental damage.In addition, in determining which harm of the injured State should be held liable by the injured State, another situation to be considered was that the harm was not caused solely by the wrongful act, but by a coexisting cause.There is also a question of contributing to the damage that needs to be considered.
【作者单位】： 广东商学院法学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学青年项目“跨界环境损害的国家责任研究”(项目编号:08JC820009)资助
【分类号】：D99
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本文编号：1763656