自然人属人法连结点研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 11:34

本文选题：属人法 + 国籍和住所　；参考：《大连海事大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：在国际私法领域,属人法是解决法律冲突,确定准据法的一个重要系属公式。从历史发展来看,国籍和住所发展源远流长,是最主要的两个个属法连结因素,可以说,大陆法系的国际私法学说史是属人主义与属地主义交织发展史,英美法系国家的国际私法学说则从一开始便带有极强的属地主义色彩。属人法连结点的发展大约经历了三个历史阶段：古罗马至19世纪是住所地主义形成时期；19世纪至20世纪中叶是国籍原则与住所地主义的并存时期；20世纪中叶至今是属人法连结点的新发展时期。随着经济全球化进程的加速,国际民商事交往日益纷繁复杂,各国国内法和一些国际公约都广泛采用惯常居所作为国际民商事案件管辖权和法律选择的连结因素。属人法的本国法和住所地法的理解,使得国籍与住所两个连结点产生矛盾和冲突,也产生了大陆法系本国法主义和英美法系住所地法主义的纷争。在属人法问题上,普通法系和大陆法系一直存在着对立的局面,协调和解决两大法系之间的矛盾以形成统一的属人法,一直是国际社会所追求的目标。本文在考察两大法系采用属人法标准的历史和现实的基础上,深入分析了国籍和住所作为属人法的连结点因素的利弊,认为当今国际私法上属人法的发展在于惯常居所地法取代住所地法和国藉法,从而形成了以惯常居所原则为主,辅以国籍、住所原则综合确定属人法的局面。我国立法也已注意了这趋向并在有关法律上得到体现。而在当今国际社会中,国籍与住所的调和已成为一种趋势,而惯常居所连结点取代国籍和住所日益成为矛盾解决的积极措施。
[Abstract]:In the field of private international law, personal law is an important formula for resolving conflicts of laws and determining applicable law. From the historical development point of view, the development of nationality and residence has a long history and is the two most important conjunctive factors of law. It can be said that the history of private international law theory in the continental law system is the history of the intertwining of personality and territorialism. The doctrine of private international law in Anglo-American law system countries had a strong territorialism from the beginning. The development of the joint point of personal law has gone through three historical stages: from ancient Rome to the 19th century was the formation of domicile Doctrine; from the 19th century to the middle of the 20th century was the coexistence of the principle of nationality and domicile Doctrine; from the middle of the 20th century to the present day It is the new development period of the joint point of personal law. With the acceleration of the process of economic globalization, international civil and commercial exchanges become more and more complicated. The habitual residence is widely adopted as the connecting factor of jurisdiction and choice of law in international civil and commercial cases in various countries' domestic laws and some international conventions. The understanding of personal law and domicile law leads to the contradiction and conflict between nationality and domicile, as well as the disputes between the civil law system and the common law system. On the question of personal law, the common law system and the civil law system have always had the opposite situation. It is the goal that the international society pursues all the time to coordinate and solve the contradiction between the two legal systems to form the unified personal law. On the basis of investigating the history and reality of adopting the personal law standard in the two legal systems, this paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of nationality and domicile as the connecting points of personal law. The author holds that the development of personal law in private international law lies in the replacement of the law of domicile and nationality by the law of habitual residence, thus forming a situation in which the principle of habitual residence is given priority to, supplemented by nationality, and the principle of domicile synthetically determines personal law. China's legislation has also paid attention to this trend and has been reflected in the relevant laws. In today's international society, the harmony between nationality and residence has become a trend, and the replacement of nationality and residence by the point of habitual residence has increasingly become an active measure to resolve the conflict.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D997

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