解决投资争端国际中心（ICSID）仲裁裁决执行中的国家豁免问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 18:17

本文选题：解决投资争端国际中心 + 仲裁裁决　；参考：《外交学院》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：国际投资是当代世界各国经济交往的常见形式,但在实践过程中也产生了大量的投资争议。为了解决外国投资者和东道国之间的投资争议,“解决投资争端国际中心”(以下简称“ICSID”或“中心”)机制应运而生。仲裁裁决的承认和执行是ICSID机制有效性的重要保障,而国家豁免是横亘在裁决执行过程中的最大阻碍。事实上,实践中已经出现了主权国家援引国家豁免拒绝执行ICSID裁决的案例,但《解决国家和他国国民间投资争端公约》(以下简称《华盛顿公约》或《公约》)现有框架下的解决办法却不尽如人意。因此,本文的研究目的即是对ICSID裁决的执行机制进行研究,论述私人投资者在面对主权国家援引国家豁免拒绝执行ICSID裁决时该如何保护自己的权益。同时,鉴于我国与ICSID的联系日益密切,ICSID裁决如何在我国承认与执行也是本文重点研究的内容。通过以上研究,笔者认为:国家豁免的存在的确对ICSID裁决的执行构成了一定的威胁。但从现实层面上讲,对ICSID执行制度进行完善具有很大的难度,私人投资者在与主权国家进行谈判时又多处于劣势地位,所以在国家层面上保护本国投资者和海外财产就显得尤为重要。因此,我国不宜一再坚持绝对豁免立场,应该加强对限制豁免的研究并积极立法,主动成为推动国际法发展的先驱,而不是一味被动地应对国际社会中的各种挑战。
[Abstract]:International investment is a common form of economic exchanges in the contemporary world, but a large number of investment disputes arise in the process of practice. In order to solve the investment disputes between foreign investors and host countries, the "International Center for the settlement of Investment disputes" (hereinafter referred to as "ICSID" or "Center") came into being. The recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards is an important guarantee for the effectiveness of the ICSID mechanism, and the state immunity is the biggest obstacle in the enforcement of the award. In fact, in practice, there have been cases in which sovereign states have invoked State immunity to refuse to enforce ICSID rulings. However, the existing framework of the Convention on the settlement of Private Investment disputes between States and other countries (hereinafter referred to as the Washington Convention or the Convention) is not satisfactory. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to study the enforcement mechanism of ICSID adjudication, and to discuss how private investors should protect their rights and interests when the sovereign state invokes the immunity of the state to refuse to execute the ICSID award. At the same time, in view of the increasingly close relationship between China and ICSID, how to recognize and enforce the ICSID decision in China is also the focus of this paper. Through the above research, the author thinks that the existence of state immunity does pose a certain threat to the enforcement of ICSID ruling. However, from a practical point of view, it is very difficult to improve the implementation system of ICSID, and private investors are often at a disadvantage when negotiating with sovereign states. So it is particularly important to protect domestic investors and overseas property at the national level. Therefore, our country should not insist on the absolute immunity position again and again, should strengthen the research on the restricted immunity and actively legislate, and become the pioneer of promoting the development of international law, instead of passively facing all kinds of challenges in the international community.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D997.4

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