中俄能源贸易相关法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 23:12

本文选题：中国 + 俄罗斯　；参考：《北京邮电大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着人类经济的发展和能源的消耗,能源议题越来越突出,能源已经越来越成为世界各国发展经济的重要瓶颈。目前,全球各个国家普遍对于能源安全保持高度重视,能源安全已经上升为一个世界性问题。中国近年来经济高速发展,发展的过程中能源消耗率很大,每年需要消耗大量的能源。再加上中国本身的能源储备严重不足,每年需要进口大量的能源。在可以预见的将来,中国经济将继续维持高速发展,对于能源的需求量将不会迅速下降,甚至呈现增长的态势。占全世界能源消耗重要组成部分的中国非常关注世界能源安全议题,积极参与和关注世界能源合作,有关能源的国际性合作已经成为中国能源战略,提升到国家的高度。俄罗斯资源储量非常丰富,石油储量世界第二,天然气储量世界第一,并且一直以来俄罗斯发展的是依靠资源尤其是能源的出口来拉动国内的经济的发展。中国和俄罗斯在能源合作上具有非常强的贸易互补性,中国和俄罗斯近年来在石油、天然气、煤炭、电力以及核能等诸多能源领域均有合作,取得了共赢的效果。随着中国未来经济的快速发展,对于能源物质的需求将越来越大,中俄能源合作的前景也将越来越大。近年来,俄罗斯与西方国家关系不佳,尤其是对叙利亚问题,乌克兰问题等的争执,使得西方国家对俄罗斯采取了各种经济制裁措施,而能源封锁便是对俄罗斯打击最严重的制裁措施之一。在这样的国际大环境下,中国是俄罗斯缓解其能源出口危机的重要市场。俄罗斯和中国之间有着得天独厚的地域优势,进行能源以及其他商品的贸易方便。中俄政府之间近年来签署了有关石油和天然气的贸易大单,尤其2014年中国国家主席习近平与俄罗斯总统普京共同见证了中俄4000亿美元的大单,将中俄能源合作推向了另一个高度。为了确保中俄两国之间的能源贸易能够顺利进行,必须以一定的形式加以保障。中俄能源贸易法律体系包括中俄两国国内有关能源贸易的法律法规,中俄政府之间所签订的一些协议,合作企业之间的协议,多边的贸易协定以及贸易规则等。尽管如此,中俄双边能源贸易的完整的法律机制还没有建立起来,争端解决机制欠缺,需要引起足够的重视。研究中俄能源贸易相关的法律法规问题既有重要的理论意义,也有重要的现实意义。目前系统研究中俄能源贸易的文章还很少,本课题的研究对于其他学者的研究具有一定的理论参考价值。并且,随着中俄双边能源贸易不断地扩大,有关能源贸易法律的研究对于两国完善相关法律法规具有重要的借鉴意义。为此,本文重点研究中俄能源贸易相关的法律法规问题。其主要内容分为4大部分:首先回顾了中俄两国之间能源贸易发展历程及其现状。接着,分析对俄罗斯能源贸易法律环境变化产生影响的因素。进而,重点从中俄能源贸易的法律框架,中俄能源贸易法律问题及其解决策略等分析本文的核心问题。最后,提出了优化中俄能源贸易发展的法律路径。
[Abstract]:With the development of the human economy and the consumption of energy, energy issues are becoming more and more prominent, and energy has become an important bottleneck for the development of the economy all over the world. At present, every country in the world attaches great importance to energy security, and energy security has risen to a world boundary problem. China has developed rapidly and developed rapidly in recent years. During the foreseeable future, China's economy will continue to maintain a high speed of development, and the demand for energy will not decline rapidly, or even increase, in the foreseeable future. China pays great attention to the world energy security issues, actively participates in and pays attention to the world energy cooperation. The international cooperation on energy has become China's energy strategy and has been promoted to the national level. The reserves of Russian resources are very rich, the oil reserves are second, and the world's natural gas reserves are the first in the world, and Russia has been developing domestic economic development by relying on resources, especially energy exports. China and Russia have very strong trade complementarities in energy cooperation. China and Russia have cooperated in many fields of energy, such as oil, gas, coal, electricity and nuclear energy in recent years, and have won a win-win situation. With the rapid development of China's future economy, the demand for energy materials will become more and more large, and the prospect of China Russia energy cooperation will be more and more big. In recent years, the relationship between Russia and the western countries is not good, especially the dispute over the Syria and Ukraine issues, which has made the western countries take various measures of economic sanctions against Russia. And the energy blockade is one of the most severe sanctions against Russia. Under such an international environment, China is an important market for Russia to alleviate its energy export crisis. Russia and China have a unique regional advantage to trade in energy and other commodities. In 2014, China's president Xi Jinping and Russian President Putin, who signed a large trade list of oil and gas, witnessed China and Russia's 400 billion dollar bill together to push China Russia energy cooperation to another height. In order to ensure that the energy trade between China and Russia can be carried out smoothly, it must be in a certain form. The legal system of China Russia energy trade includes laws and regulations on energy trade between China and Russia, some agreements between China and Russia, agreements between cooperative enterprises, multilateral trade agreements and trade rules. Nevertheless, the complete legal mechanism of Sino Russian bilateral energy trade has not yet been established. There are both important theoretical and practical significance to study the laws and regulations related to energy trade between China and Russia. At present, there are few articles on energy trade between China and Russia. The research of this subject has a certain theoretical reference value for other scholars. With the continuous expansion of bilateral energy trade between China and Russia, the research on energy trade law is of great significance for the two countries to improve relevant laws and regulations. Therefore, this paper focuses on the relevant laws and regulations on energy trade between China and Russia. The main contents are divided into 4 parts: first, the development calendar of energy trade between China and Russia is reviewed. Then, it analyzes the factors that affect the legal environment of Russia's energy trade, and then analyzes the core issues of this paper from the legal framework of China Russia energy trade, the legal issues of China Russia energy trade and its solutions. Finally, the legal path to optimize the development of China and Russia's energy trade is put forward.

【学位授予单位】：北京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D996.1

【参考文献】