版权平行进口的法律规制研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 01:18

本文选题：版权平行进口 + 权利用尽原则　；参考：《宁波大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着版权商品的平行进口在国际贸易环境中发生的频率越来越多,各国都在逐步完善对其法律规制的手段。各国根据经济的根本利益决定是否对版权平行进口进行禁止,即实现各自经济利益的最大化是其取舍的基础。鉴于平行进口并不是单纯的学理性问题,而是一个需要各国立法者依据各自利益进行考虑和权衡的问题。对平行进口的立法态度与各国所一贯实施的国际贸易政策之间有着万分密切的关系。在削减消费者购买成本和促进版权商品流通方面,平行进口显然起到不可替代的作用。各国在二战后为提升本国经济实力,成立WTO以削减各自关税和消除各种非关税壁垒,以期逐步实现货物和知识产权贸易的自由化。禁止版权平行进口行为必然形成更加顽固的非关税贸易壁垒,也将拖延国际贸易通向自由化的时间。随着贸易自由和全球一体化进程的加快,各个国家也在根据WTO相关规定逐步削减海关对知识产权商品的征税数数额,单纯依靠关税阻止平行进口的做法已经开始饱受诟病。所以,允许平行进口与促进商品跨国界自由流动的目的相符合,允许版权平行进口将必然是各国民众共同的呼声。本文共分为四个部分。首先重点分析版权平行进口在新的贸易体制和交易环境下发生的变化和所产生的新影响。第二部分在分析平行进口相关理论的基础上,着重对其合法性问题进行了探讨,尤其回答了平行进口商的进口行为是否属于不当竞争。第三部分选取中国香港、美国和相关国际条约作为分析对象,探索分析了国际社会中所普遍采取的路径选择。第四部分作为本文的重点,介绍了我国的立法实践,提出相关的立法及司法建议。认为我国要坚持多部相关法律共同规制,又要避免规范不一和相互冲突的现象发生。用版权法和合同法规范版权所有人享有的权利范围的同时,又要运用反不当竞争法权衡权利人或进口商在出售版权商品中所涉及的具体利益,认定平行进口及出售行为的合法或合理性,在坚持契约自由的前提下综合考虑其与其他相关法律的价值冲突。
[Abstract]:With the increasing frequency of parallel import of copyright goods in the international trading environment, various countries are gradually perfecting the means of legal regulation. According to the fundamental interests of the economy, countries decide whether to prohibit the parallel import of copyright, that is, to maximize their economic interests is the basis of their choice. In view of parallel import is not a purely scientific rational problem, but a problem that needs to be considered and weighed according to the respective interests of the legislators of various countries. There is a close relationship between the legislative attitude towards parallel import and the international trade policy that countries have always implemented. Parallel imports play an irreplaceable role in reducing consumer purchase costs and promoting the circulation of copyrighted goods. In order to enhance their economic strength after World War II, various countries set up WTO to reduce their respective tariffs and eliminate various non-tariff barriers, in order to gradually realize the liberalization of trade in goods and intellectual property rights. The prohibition of copyright parallel imports will inevitably result in more stubborn non-tariff barriers to trade and delay the time for international trade to liberalize. With the acceleration of the process of free trade and global integration, countries are gradually reducing the amount of customs tax on intellectual property goods in accordance with the relevant regulations of the WTO, and the practice of relying solely on tariffs to prevent parallel imports has been criticized. Therefore, allowing parallel imports is consistent with the purpose of promoting the free flow of goods across national borders. Allowing copyright parallel imports will inevitably be the common voice of the people of all countries. This paper is divided into four parts. Firstly, this paper analyzes the changes and impacts of parallel import of copyright under the new trading system and trading environment. In the second part, on the basis of analyzing the theory of parallel import, the author probes into the legality of parallel import, especially answers whether the import behavior of parallel importer is improper competition. In the third part, the author chooses Hong Kong, China, the United States and relevant international treaties as the object of analysis, and explores and analyzes the path choices generally adopted in the international community. The fourth part, as the focus of this paper, introduces the legislative practice of our country, and puts forward relevant legislative and judicial suggestions. The author thinks that our country should insist on the common regulation of many relevant laws and avoid the phenomenon of different norms and conflicts. While regulating the scope of rights enjoyed by copyright owners by copyright law and contract law, the use of anti-improper competition law should be used to weigh the specific interests involved in the sale of copyright goods by the holder or importer, To determine the legality or reasonableness of parallel import and sale, and to consider the conflict of value between parallel import and other relevant laws under the premise of upholding the freedom of contract.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D997.1

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