最密切联系原则在我国涉外合同领域的范式研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 18:31

本文选题：最密切联系原则 + 范式　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：最密切联系原则理论的形成和发展是一段漫长的历史。早在16世纪的欧洲,这个窖藏过程便已开始,直至19世纪中后期,该原则在美国《第二次冲突法重述》中被正式提出,发展至今,又已经过几十年的丰富与完善。漫长的发展过程给予了最密切联系原则理论的厚度,我们在引入、完善最密切联系原则理论的时候,尤其要注意这个“厚度”,即理论的完整性。笔者尝试对这种完整性加以概括,因而引入“范式”这个概念。最密切联系原则的范式可以被定义为法律适用群体在援引最密切联系原则处理案件时所遵循的理论、规则和方法的总和,它应该涵盖地位、功能、表现形式、内在联系、具体化方法和限制因素六个方面。我国的最密切联系原则在涉外合同领域缺乏理论完整性,即最密切联系原则范式在涉外合同领域缺失。笔者收集了自《涉外民事关系法律适用法》出台6年以来的所有涉及最密切联系原则的涉外合同案件,发现该原则在我国合同涉外纠纷中的适用存在诸多待完善方面,如地位定位缺失、法律体系散乱无序、可操作性规定模糊甚至缺位等。涉外合同中,司法实务错误频出,更加印证了最密切联系原则基本范式缺失的现状。为了摆脱现下的司法困境,我们亟待构建适宜我国的最密切联系原则的基本范式。在构建的过程中,我们需要正视一个问题,我国并不是没有最密切联系原则,而是不够完整、不够细密。增加最密切联系原则的理论完整度、细密度,才是构建最密切联系原则基本范式的根本所在。而要解决这个难题,我们可以取经世界上现存的发展比较成熟的、相对完整的最密切联系原则理论,欧洲和美国是最密切联系原则理论的发源地,他们的最密切联系原则理论经过无数专家地丰富相对完善,他们的司法实务操作技术因为有强大的理论支撑更是相对成熟,可以为我国最密切联系原则基本范式的构建提供最有意义、有价值的借鉴。在对美国最密切联系原则的发展历程以及欧洲最密切联系原则的发展历程的回顾研究过程中,笔者提炼出了最密切联系原则的美国范式和欧洲范式,针对范式所涵盖的地位、功能、表现形式、内在联系、具体化方法和限制因素加以总结和说明,再然后,结合我国的国情与现状,定义我国最密切联系原则的适宜范式的模板——原则性地位及矫正补缺功能、“补充原则+例外规定”表现形式、法律、法条间严谨的逻辑关系、合理的“质的分析”及限制因素,并对该原则的适宜范式的模板的架构与改进提出意见。论文综合运用统计分析法和文献研究法,立足我国最密切联系原则的基本范式缺失的现状,借鉴最密切联系原则美国、欧洲两种范式,着眼该原则范式本身的构成要件,以期对现下主流常用范式进行最优的排列组合后提炼出一种适宜我国国情的范式,以便对这一重要原则在我国实务中的适用有所助益。
[Abstract]:The formation and development of the principle of closest relation is a long history. As early as the 16th century in Europe, this cellar process began, until the middle and late 19th century, this principle was formally put forward in the second conflict of laws in the United States, the development has been decades of enrichment and improvement. The long process of development has given us the thickness of the theory of the closest relation principle. When we introduce and perfect the theory of the closest relation principle, we should pay special attention to the "thickness", that is, the integrity of the theory. The author tries to generalize this kind of integrality, thus introducing the concept of "paradigm". The paradigm of the principle of the closest connection can be defined as the sum of the theories, rules and methods followed by the applicable groups of law when invoking the principle of the closest connection in dealing with cases. It should cover the status, function, form of expression, and internal links. The concrete method and the limiting factors are six aspects. The closest relation principle in our country lacks the theoretical integrity in the field of foreign contract, that is, the closest relation principle paradigm is absent in the field of foreign contract. The author has collected all the foreign contract cases involving the closest relation principle since the "applicable Law on Civil Relations concerning Foreign Affairs" was issued 6 years ago, and found that there are many aspects to be perfected in the application of this principle in the disputes involving foreign contracts in our country. For example, lack of position, disorder of legal system, ambiguity and even absence of operational regulations, etc. The frequent errors in judicial practice in foreign contracts confirm the current situation of the absence of basic paradigm of the most closely related principle. In order to get rid of the current judicial dilemma, we urgently need to construct the basic paradigm of the closest relation principle suitable for our country. In the process of construction, we need to face up to a problem, our country is not without the principle of the closest connection, but not complete, not enough detail. Increasing the degree of theoretical integrity and fine density of the principle of the closest relation is the foundation of constructing the basic paradigm of the principle of the closest connection. To solve this problem, we can learn from the relatively complete and mature theory of the most closely related principle that exists in the world. Europe and the United States are the birthplace of the theory of the most closely related principle. Their theory of the principle of closest connection has been enriched and relatively perfect by countless experts, and their operational techniques of judicial practice are relatively mature because of their strong theoretical support. It can provide the most meaningful and valuable reference for the construction of the basic paradigm of the closest relation principle in our country. In the course of reviewing the development of the principle of the closest connection in the United States and the development of the principle of the closest connection in Europe, the author abstracts the American paradigm and the European paradigm of the most closely related principle, aiming at the position covered by the paradigm. Functions, forms of expression, internal relations, concrete methods and restrictive factors are summarized and explained, and then, combined with the national conditions and current situation of our country, Defining the template of the most closely related principle of our country, the principle status and the function of correcting the deficiency, the strict logical relation between the form of the exception of the principle of supplement, the law, the law, the law, the rule of law, the rule of law, the rule of law and the rule of law. Reasonable "qualitative analysis" and limiting factors, and suggestions on the structure and improvement of the template of the appropriate paradigm of the principle. The paper synthetically uses the statistical analysis method and the literature research method, based on the current situation of the absence of the basic paradigm of the closest relation principle in our country, and draws lessons from the most closely related principle, the United States and the European two paradigms, focusing on the constitutive elements of the principle paradigm itself. It is expected that an optimal arrangement and combination of the current mainstream common paradigms can be obtained, which is suitable for the national conditions of our country, so as to be helpful to the application of this important principle in the practice of our country.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D997

【相似文献】