非法移民基本人权保护的法律研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 20:25

本文选题：非法移民 + 基本人权　；参考：《辽宁大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着全球化的不断深入,非法移民已经成为一个涉及到政治、经济、文化和社会等众多领域的问题,并呈现出日益严重的趋势。在世界范围里,非法移民作为一个特殊群体,其人权经常会被忽视。由于非法移民的身份同时具有违法者和受害人的双重特性,往往不能受到公正、公平的待遇,收入被剥削、没有福利、没有固定居所,人权受到很大的侵犯。基本人权作为人首要的、最基本的权利,是任何人生来就应享有并且不能被剥夺的。对非法移民人权的保护是各国政府和国际社会在行使和尊重国家主权时必须考虑的一个重要问题,各国对非法移民的控制必须有一个最低的限度,即尊重和保护非法移民的基本人权。非法移民基本人权的保护和维护业已成为国际人权法上的一项紧迫任务,保护非法移民的基本人权已经成为国际社会共同关注的问题。本文在对非法移民及其基本人权做出界定,并分析了保护非法移民基本人权必要性的基础上,首先,对非法移民人权保护的国际法依据和基本制度进行阐述和解析；其次,例举出美国和欧盟国家对非法移民人权保护的相关法律规定和实践情况；再次,指出非法移民基本人权保护过程中应注意的问题,一些国家对非法移民与合法移民以区别对待的做法,有无背离国际法上的关于非歧视原则的精神,目的国可否对非法移民的某些基本人权进行限制；最后,结合已有的国际文件从保护非法移民的角度提出对其基本人权保护的法律设想,分别从国际和国内两个角度提出对非法移民基本人权保护的建议,一方面对非法移民的人权保护法律进行完善,另一方面要打击非法移民雇主,从根源上降低目的国对作为劳工的非法移民的需求。本文以特定的人权公约、其他人权公约中的相关条款和处置非法移民的相关制度为主要论据,采用实证分析、价值分析、文献研究等方式,对非法移民基本人权保护问题进行梳理和分析,提出了对非法移民人权的保护与各国控制非法移民行为的政策并不是完全冲突的,甚至能够有相辅相成的效果。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of globalization, illegal immigration has become a problem involving many fields, such as politics, economy, culture and society, and has shown an increasingly serious trend. In the world, illegal immigrants as a special group, their human rights are often ignored. Due to the dual characteristics of illegal immigrants as both offenders and victims, they are often denied justice, fair treatment, income exploitation, no welfare, no fixed residence and great human rights violations. As the first and most basic right of human beings, fundamental human rights are human beings who are born and cannot be deprived. The protection of the human rights of illegal migrants is an important issue to be taken into account by governments and the international community in the exercise of and respect for the sovereignty of States, which must have a minimum level of control over illegal migration, That is to respect and protect the basic human rights of illegal immigrants. The protection and protection of the basic human rights of illegal migrants has become an urgent task in international human rights law, and the protection of the basic human rights of illegal migrants has become a common concern of the international community. Based on the definition of illegal immigrants and their basic human rights, and the analysis of the necessity of protecting the basic human rights of illegal migrants, firstly, the basis of international law and the basic system of the protection of the human rights of illegal migrants are expounded and analyzed. Citing the relevant legal provisions and practices of the United States and European Union countries on the protection of the human rights of illegal migrants; thirdly, pointing out the problems that should be paid attention to in the process of protecting the basic human rights of illegal migrants. Whether the discriminatory treatment of illegal and legal migrants by some States is contrary to the spirit of the principle of non-discrimination in international law and whether the State of destination can impose restrictions on some of the fundamental human rights of illegal migrants; and finally, Combining existing international documents to propose legal ideas for the protection of the fundamental human rights of illegal migrants from the point of view of the protection of their basic human rights, and to put forward proposals for the protection of the basic human rights of illegal migrants from the international and domestic perspectives, respectively, On the one hand, the human rights protection laws of illegal immigrants should be perfected, on the other hand, the employers of illegal immigrants should be cracked down to reduce the demand of destination countries for illegal immigrants as workers. Based on the specific human rights conventions, the relevant provisions of other human rights conventions and the relevant system of dealing with illegal immigrants, this paper uses empirical analysis, value analysis, literature research and so on. This paper combs and analyzes the protection of the basic human rights of illegal immigrants, and points out that the protection of the human rights of illegal immigrants and the policies of controlling illegal immigration in various countries are not completely in conflict, and can even complement each other.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D998.2

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