域外追赃背景下违法所得没收程序问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-06 05:25

本文选题：违法所得没收 + 适用范围　；参考：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：《北京反腐败宣言》明确将违法所得没收程序作为法定的追赃方式,违法所得没收程序逐渐凸显出在域外追赃中的程序性价值。本文主要从违法所没收程序设立的背景、价值及性质,我国违法所得没收程序在域外追赃中的问题,相关国家法律制度的对比和借鉴,相关问题的完善等方面对域外追赃背景下违法所得没收程序问题进行全面分析、研究。运用对比研究的方式对实践中出现的问题进行深入分析,找出解决问题的完善建议。本文首先通过对比传统的追赃方式,引入违法所得没收程序。对违法所得没收程序的介绍包括:该程序的设立背景及作用、该程序的性质定位之争、笔者关于该程序性质的认识。其次本文借助违法所得没收程序的国内运行和域外执行两个大的方面概括出其在域外追赃背景下的困境:关于适用问题,其存在适用条件苛刻、启动主体裁量权过大、管辖法院不足的问题;关于配套制度问题,其存在客观行为的判断过于片面、明知的认定标准不符合司法实践、政府间协助过于空洞化的问题;关于权利保障问题,其存在被指控人代理权限制过多、庭审方式不合理的问题;关于域外执行,其存在缺乏相互承认与执行制度,缺乏涉案资产分享机制的问题。再次通过对不同国家关于违法所得没收程序的设立及域外执行制度的对比研究,比较与评析了各种立法模式的特点以及它们对我国的借鉴意义。最后针对上述问题,提出相关改进建议。建议优化程序适用,明确适用条件、限制启动主体的裁量权以及明确法院的管辖;完善相关配套制度,增加判断标准、细化明知的认定标准以及统筹理论和实践层面的协助;健全权利保障途径,强化被指控人的代理权以及强化开庭审理;违法所得没收程序序域外执行体系构建,建议承认与执行外国没收裁决的立法设计;费用补偿制度的设立。
[Abstract]:The Beijing Anti-Corruption Declaration explicitly regards the procedure of confiscation of illegal proceeds as a statutory way of recovering stolen goods, and the procedure of confiscation of illegal gains gradually highlights the procedural value of recovering stolen goods outside the country. This article mainly from the illegal confiscation procedure set up the background, the value and the nature, our country illegal income forfeiture procedure in the overseas recovery stolen goods question, the correlation national legal system contrast and the use for reference, The improvement of the related issues on the background of illegal proceeds confiscation under the background of comprehensive analysis, research. This paper analyzes the problems in practice by means of comparative study, and finds out the perfect suggestions to solve the problems. Firstly, this paper introduces the procedure of confiscation of illegal gains by comparing the traditional methods of collecting stolen goods. The introduction to the procedure of confiscation of illegal income includes: the background and function of the procedure, the dispute about the nature of the procedure, and the author's understanding of the nature of the procedure. Secondly, with the help of the domestic operation and the extra-territorial implementation of the illegal income confiscation procedure, this paper summarizes its predicament under the background of the extraterritorial pursuit of stolen goods: on the issue of application, its application conditions are harsh, and the discretion to start the subject is too large. The problem of insufficient jurisdiction of the court; on the issue of the matching system, the judgment of the existence of objective acts is too one-sided, the criterion of knowing that the determination standard is not in line with judicial practice, the question of the emptiness of intergovernmental assistance; and the question of the protection of rights, There are too many restrictions on the power of attorney of accused persons and unreasonable trial methods, and there is a lack of mutual recognition and enforcement system, and a lack of asset sharing mechanism involved in the case. Thirdly, through the comparative study on the establishment of illegal income confiscation procedure and the system of extra-territorial implementation in different countries, this paper compares and evaluates the characteristics of various legislative models and their reference significance to our country. Finally, to solve the above problems, some suggestions for improvement are put forward. It is suggested that the procedure should be optimized, the applicable conditions should be clarified, the discretion of the starters should be limited and the jurisdiction of the court should be defined, the relevant supporting system should be perfected, the judgment standard should be added, the standard of cognizance of knowledge should be refined, and the assistance of theory and practice should be integrated. Perfect the right safeguard way, strengthen the accused person's agency right and strengthen the court hearing; construct the illegal income confiscation procedure order extraterritorial execution system, propose the legislative design of recognizing and executing the foreign confiscation award; establish the expense compensation system.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D997.9

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