跨国代孕中的国际私法问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 16:51

本文选题：跨国代孕协议 + 跨国代孕亲子关系　；参考：《广州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着代孕市场的不断扩张,跨国代孕市场也悄然盛行。世界各国对待跨国代孕的法律态度不一。在代孕的合法性方面,不同国家有不同的态度,分别是完全禁止代孕、对代孕无规定和允许代孕;在确定亲子关系方面,存在四种确定标准:分娩、血缘、意愿、儿童最佳利益;在代孕协议的效力及强制执行力方面,部分国家认为代孕协议有效且具有强制执行力,部分国家认为代孕协议有效但部分具有强制执行力。在跨国代孕中,由于目前各国都没有统一的实体法调整跨国代孕法律关系,就需要通过冲突规范的方式进行调整。针对跨国代孕中冲突规范的调整从三个方面进行阐述:第一个方面,跨国代孕协议的法律适用可以在一定条件下适用意思自治原则,在当事人没有约定的时候可以适用最密切联系原则;第二个方面,跨国代孕的亲子关系有适用意愿父母本国法、适用法院地法、适用有利于保护弱者利益的法律等理论与立法实践;第三个方面,在跨国代孕的具体法律适用中,应合理利用公共秩序保留。中国国际私法目前还没有关于跨国代孕法律适用的立法规定,则我国跨国代孕的国际私法保护应坚持自愿平等原则、符合我国计划生育原则、代孕法律关系各方当事人权利义务合法原则、儿童最佳利益原则,并对相关具体规定做出相应的修改和完善。
[Abstract]:With the continuous expansion of surrogacy market, transnational surrogacy market is also quietly prevailing. Countries in the world have different legal attitudes towards transnational surrogacy. With regard to the legality of surrogacy, different countries have different attitudes, namely, the complete prohibition of surrogacy, the absence of provisions for surrogacy and the granting of surrogacy; there are four criteria for determining the relationship between parents and children: childbirth, consanguinity, will, In terms of the effectiveness and enforcement of surrogacy agreements, some countries consider surrogacy agreements effective and enforceable, while some countries consider surrogacy agreements effective but partly enforceable. In transnational surrogacy, because there is no unified substantive law to regulate the legal relationship of transnational surrogacy, it is necessary to adjust it by conflict norms. The adjustment of conflict norms in transnational surrogacy is expounded from three aspects: first, the legal application of transnational surrogacy agreement can apply the principle of autonomy of will under certain conditions. In the absence of agreement by the parties, the principle of the closest connection can be applied; second, the parent-child relationship of transnational surrogate pregnancy is governed by the laws of the parents' home country and the law of the forum. The third aspect is the reasonable use of public order reservation in the specific legal application of transnational surrogacy. China's private international law does not have any legislative provisions on the application of transnational surrogacy laws, so the protection of private international law for transnational surrogacy in China should adhere to the principle of voluntary equality and conform to the principle of family planning in China. The principle of the legal rights and obligations of the parties involved in surrogate pregnancy, the principle of the best interests of the child, and the relevant specific provisions are amended and perfected accordingly.
【学位授予单位】：广州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D997

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