文化贸易自由化和文化多样性的国际法律冲突与协调

发布时间：2018-05-08 21:35

本文选题：文化贸易自由化 + 文化多样性　；参考：《天津财经大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：当今社会,文化贸易已经成为一个国家对外贸易的重要组成部分。WTO自由贸易体制的发展,一方面极大的促进了各国间包括文化在内的贸易往来,各国家和地区文化的快速流动,繁荣了全球文化市场,而且带动了与文化产业相关的其他产业的发展。但另一方面,文化贸易的过度自由又造成了贸易失衡的,文化产品和文化服务单向的从发达国家流向不发达的国家和地区,使得文化输入国在被迫接受外来文化的同时,失去对其本国文化的认同感。文化强国借文化贸易的方式在推行自己的价值观念和意识形态,在文化上形成霸权主义。 2005年联合国教科文组织(UNESCO)颁布的《保护和促进文化表现形式多样性公约》(以下简称《公约》),意味着国际社会对文化多样性的尊重与保护,《公约》的出台把对文化多样性的保护上升到国际法层面,为各国采取措施保护文化多样性提供了理论上的依据和法律支撑。但是《公约》中的规定,在一定程度上与WTO贸易自由体系存在冲突,公约中赋予缔约方文化主权和为保护本国文化多样性而采取政策措施的权利,这是与WTO的原则相违背的。如何化解和协调文化贸易自由化和文化多样性的国际法律冲突,促进国际文化贸易的健康发展成了目前法学界最为关心的问题。在此背景下,本论文分析了WTO中文化贸易的条款,通过对公约的制定和实施过程的来龙去脉进行阐述,找出二者相冲突之处,并针对这些冲突提出调和的解决方式,最后为我国找出促进自身发展的同时又能协调冲突的对策建议。论文的第一部分阐述了选题背景和意义；第二部分阐明了文化贸易自由化和文化多样性的国际立法；第三部分是关于文化贸易自由化和文化多样性在UNESCO和WTO下的法律冲突；第四部分就文化贸易自由化和文化多样性法律冲突的协调进行了论述；论文的第五部分则分析了我国现行协调冲突的法律规制现状和存在的不足,提出了完善我国协调冲突的法律对策的思考。本文的最终结论是：并不反对贸易自由化,但主张在文化贸易自由化的过程中对文化多样性保护给予适当的关注。对国际公约间冲突的协调应该要以发展的眼光来对待,为此,我国应充分利用国际公约的相关规定,结合自身实际情况,放眼国际法律实践,在加强协调冲突的国内立法建设的同时,要采取灵活的文化贸易法律策略,通过文化产业与文化贸易法律对策的不断发展与运用,促进我国文化竞争力的提高,进而为世界和谐做出贡献。
[Abstract]:In today's society, cultural trade has become an important part of a country's foreign trade. The development of the WTO free trade system, on the one hand, has greatly promoted the exchange of trade among countries, including culture, and the rapid flow of culture in all countries and regions. It has prospered the global cultural market and led to the development of other industries related to the cultural industry. But on the other hand, the excessive freedom of cultural trade has resulted in trade imbalance. Cultural products and cultural services flow one-way from developed countries to underdeveloped countries and regions, making cultural importing countries forced to accept foreign cultures at the same time. Lose one's sense of identity with one's own culture. Cultural power promotes its own values and ideology by the way of cultural trade and forms hegemonism in culture. The Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural expressions (hereinafter referred to as the Convention) promulgated by UNESCO in 2005 means that the international community respects and protects cultural diversity. The protection of diversity has risen to the level of international law, It provides theoretical basis and legal support for countries to take measures to protect cultural diversity. However, the provisions in the Convention, to some extent, conflict with the WTO free trade system. The treaty gives the parties the cultural sovereignty and the right to take policy measures to protect their cultural diversity, which is contrary to the principle of WTO. How to resolve and coordinate the international legal conflicts between cultural trade liberalization and cultural diversity and promote the healthy development of international cultural trade has become the most concerned issue in the field of law. In this context, this paper analyzes the terms of cultural trade in WTO, through the formulation and implementation of the Convention to explain the process of development and implementation, to find out the conflict between the two, and to these conflicts proposed to reconcile the solution. Finally, we find out the countermeasures and suggestions to promote our own development and coordinate the conflict at the same time. The first part of the thesis expounds the background and significance of the topic, the second part expounds the international legislation of cultural trade liberalization and cultural diversity, the third part is about the conflict of laws between cultural trade liberalization and cultural diversity under UNESCO and WTO. The fourth part discusses the legal conflict of cultural trade liberalization and cultural diversity, the fifth part of the paper analyzes the current situation and shortcomings of the legal regulation of the coordination conflict in China. This paper puts forward the legal countermeasures to perfect the coordination conflict in our country. The final conclusion of this paper is that it is not opposed to trade liberalization, but it advocates that due attention should be paid to the protection of cultural diversity in the process of cultural trade liberalization. The coordination of conflicts between international conventions should be treated from the perspective of development. Therefore, our country should make full use of the relevant provisions of international conventions, combine with our own actual situation, and look at international legal practice. While strengthening the construction of domestic legislation to coordinate the conflict, we should adopt flexible legal strategies of cultural trade and promote the improvement of our country's cultural competitiveness through the continuous development and application of cultural industry and cultural trade legal countermeasures. And then contribute to the harmony of the world.
【学位授予单位】：天津财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D99

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