《鹿特丹规则》中权利转让法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 04:02

本文选题：鹿特丹规则 + 权利转让　；参考：《西南政法大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：历时十几年的《全部或部分海上国际货物运输合同公约》被称为《鹿特丹规则》已于2008年12月11日在联合国第63届大会最终通过,并于2009年9月23日在荷兰鹿特丹举行了签字仪式。权利转让制度是《鹿特丹规则》较其之前的三个国际海上货物运输领域已经生效的国际公约新增加的一项法律制度。该制度的设立,对于澄清运输与贸易之间的联系,协调运输法律与贸易法律之间的冲突,具有重大的理论和现实意义。有鉴于此,本文将针对国际海上货物运输中的权利转让制度涉及的系列问题展开讨论。全文共分为五个部分,三万余字。第一部分“绪论”主要介绍了权利转让制度的由来以及其存在的研究价值。笔者从英国《1855年提单法》到1922年制定的《海上货物运输法》再到《鹿特丹规则》这个历史脉络的角度分析了权利转让问题的由来。通过具体的案例分析提出了其存在的重大现实意义。第二部分“权利转让中基本概念剖析”。在这一部分中,笔者通过对权利转让涵义和提单持有人概念的界定,对提单债权关系的重要性和有关其性质的主要学说进行了系统的阐述,且分析了各学说的优弊,最后得出了自己的观点。第三部分“权利转让的规则”。在这一部分,笔者先是分析了权利转让的立法例,即权利义务转让异步型和权利义务转让同步型,然后从权利转让的成立和生效要件两个方面分析了《鹿特丹规则》中权利转让的具体时间。第四部分“权利转让的内容”。该部分是本文的重点也是本文论述的难点,笔者通过对条文的具体分析肯定了“可转让的权利”包括“提货权”和“控制权”,接着阐述了这两种权利的具体内容。再通过对学说上存在的“可转让的权利”还包括“物权”和“诉权”的观点进行了分析,得出了自己的观点即《鹿特丹规则》中“可转让的权利”只包括“提货权”和“控制权”。第五部分“《鹿特丹规则》中权利转让制度对我国的借鉴意义”。在这一部分,笔者通过对我国《海商法》和《合同法》等法律关于权利转让问题规定的分析,得出了我国对该问题的立法现状。在此基础上,对我国《海商法》的修订提出了几点供参考的建议。在研究方法上,本文主要运用了历史分析方法、比较法和实证分析法。在关于权利转让问题的由来的论述上,笔者采用了历史分析方法对这段历史发展进行了客观的总结和分析,这有助于更加深入地解析权利转让法律问题的内涵。由于权利转让问题和债的转移、票据流通存在诸多相似点,加上英美等国对权利转让问题的规定较为成熟,因此本文的行文过程中较多运用了比较分析方法进行论述,以便借鉴其中成熟的理论和先进的成果应用于我国对此问题的研究和立法实践。海商法是一门实践性较强的学科,因而笔者对国际海上货物运输中涉及权利转让问题的典型案例进行了分析和总结。
[Abstract]:The Convention on contracts for the International Carriage of goods by Sea, which lasted for more than ten years, was finally adopted by the 63rd United Nations General Assembly on December 11, 2008, as the Rotterdam rules. A signing ceremony was held in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, on September 23, 2009. The transfer of rights system is a new legal system added to the Rotterdam rules compared with the three international conventions in force in the field of international carriage of goods by sea. The establishment of this system is of great theoretical and practical significance to clarify the relationship between transport and trade and to coordinate the conflict between transport law and trade law. In view of this, this paper will discuss a series of issues concerning the transfer of rights regime in the international carriage of goods by sea. The full text is divided into five parts, more than 30,000 words. The first part "introduction" mainly introduces the origin of the right transfer system and its existence research value. The author analyzes the origin of the transfer of rights from the perspective of the British Bill of Lading Act of 1855 to the Law on the Carriage of goods by Sea formulated in 1922 and to the Rotterdam rules. Through the concrete case analysis, it puts forward the great practical significance of its existence. The second part: analysis of the basic concepts in the transfer of rights. In this part, by defining the meaning of transfer of rights and the concept of holder of bill of lading, the author systematically expounds the importance of the creditor's rights relationship of bill of lading and the main theories about its nature, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each theory. Finally, the author came to his own point of view. Part III "rules on the transfer of Rights". In this part, the author first analyzes the legislative example of the transfer of rights, that is, the asynchronous transfer of rights and obligations and the synchronous transfer of rights and obligations. Then the specific time of the transfer of rights in Rotterdam rules is analyzed from two aspects: the establishment and the effective requirements of the transfer of rights. The fourth part is the content of the transfer of rights. This part is the focal point of this article also is the difficulty which this article discusses, the author affirms "the transferable right" including "the right to pick up goods" and "the right of control" through the concrete analysis to the article, then elaborated the concrete content of these two kinds of rights. Through the analysis of the view that "transferable right" also includes "real right" and "right of action" in theory, The conclusion is that the "transferable right" in the Rotterdam rules includes only "right to pick up goods" and "right of control". Part five: the reference meaning of the transfer of Rights system in the Rotterdam rules to our country. In this part, through the analysis of the law of maritime law and contract law on the transfer of rights, the author obtains the current situation of legislation on this issue in our country. On this basis, some suggestions for the revision of Maritime Law of China are put forward. In the research method, this paper mainly uses the historical analysis method, the comparative method and the empirical analysis method. On the origin of the transfer of rights, the author uses the historical analysis method to sum up and analyze the historical development objectively, which is helpful to analyze the connotation of the legal issue of the transfer of rights. Due to the problem of transfer of rights and the transfer of debt, there are many similarities in negotiable instruments circulation, and the provisions on the transfer of rights in Britain and America are more mature, so the comparative analysis method is used in the course of this paper. In order to draw lessons from the mature theory and advanced achievements in our research and legislative practice. Maritime law is a practical subject, so the author analyzes and summarizes the typical cases involving the transfer of rights in the international carriage of goods by sea.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D996.19

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