《联合国反腐败公约》下的预防机制研究

发布时间：2018-05-13 14:12

本文选题：《联合国反腐败公约》 + 预防机制　；参考：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：《联合国反腐败公约》(以下简称为《公约》)作为联合国史上第一部专门用来指导不同国家和地区反腐败斗争的法律文件,也是第一部专门用来明确规范和打击腐败活动的国际公约。《公约》在序言中就明确指出腐败正成为一种影响国际社会稳定和经济发展的跨国犯罪现象行为,因此为控制腐败态势,必须加大国际合作力度,这同时也标志着反腐败斗争正式走上了国际化道路。《公约》认为反腐败的重点在于预防,因此公约通过给缔约国设定法律义务、规定具体措施的方式构建了较为系统的反腐败预防体系,本文拟根据公约规定,并结合对代表性缔约国履约实践的分析,进一步探讨中国反腐败预防机制的改革与完善。论文第一部分简要介绍了腐败的含义及反腐败预防机制的理论依据。论文第二部分对《公约》中的反腐败预防机制进行概述,包括反腐败预防机制的具体规定及相应分析。论文第三部分从具体实践角度分析反腐败预防机制,反腐败预防机制既包括反腐败预防机构的建立完善,也包括具体的反腐败预防保障制度,如公务员制度、反洗钱制度等。本章在介绍俄罗斯履行公约实践过程中所构建的反腐败预防机制的基础上,分析其经验和教训以便为中国反腐败预防实践提供借鉴。论文第四部分论述中国目前预防腐败机制现状与相关法律的完善建议,从现行反腐败预防实践着手,评价分析其现存缺陷。具体包括外在层面的体制环境不完善、相关配套保障制度尚有欠缺和内在层面的系统架构、权力配置不均等问题,同时针对所存在的缺陷提出完善建议,包括法律层面完善相关预防腐败的立法规定,建构反腐败专门法和在系统论指导下完成相关专门预防腐败机制构建,并健全外部监督机制,加强国际合作交流。反腐败是一个与时俱进的研究课题,我们在反腐败预防实践中,一定要将预防战略提升至全局化高度,与国际接轨。在此基础上,实施广泛的社会参与作为预防腐败的综合治理措施之一,实现惩治预防并举,建立完善具有中国特色的反腐败预防机制。
[Abstract]:The United Nations Convention against Corruption (hereinafter referred to as the Convention) is the first legal document in the history of the United Nations dedicated to guiding the fight against corruption in different countries and regions, It is also the first international convention devoted to the explicit regulation and combating of corruption, which, in its preamble, clearly states that corruption is becoming a transnational criminal phenomenon affecting the stability and economic development of the international community, Therefore, in order to control the situation of corruption, it is necessary to strengthen international cooperation, which at the same time marks that the fight against corruption is officially on the path of internationalization. The Convention considers that the focus of the fight against corruption is on prevention, and thus establishes legal obligations on States parties through the Convention, According to the provisions of the Convention and the analysis of the implementation practice of representative States parties, this paper further discusses the reform and perfection of anti-corruption prevention mechanism in China. The first part briefly introduces the meaning of corruption and the theoretical basis of anti-corruption prevention mechanism. The second part of the paper summarizes the anti-corruption prevention mechanism in the Convention, including the specific provisions of the anti-corruption prevention mechanism and the corresponding analysis. The third part of the paper analyzes the anti-corruption prevention mechanism from the perspective of specific practice. The anti-corruption prevention mechanism includes not only the establishment and perfection of anti-corruption prevention institutions, but also the specific anti-corruption prevention safeguard system, such as civil servant system, anti-money-laundering system and so on. Based on the introduction of the anti-corruption prevention mechanism constructed in Russia's implementation of the Convention, this chapter analyzes its experiences and lessons in order to provide reference for China's anti-corruption prevention practice. The fourth part of the paper discusses the current situation of the mechanism of corruption prevention in China and some suggestions on how to improve the relevant laws. From the current practice of anti-corruption prevention, the author evaluates and analyzes its existing defects. Including the external level of the institutional environment is not perfect, the relevant supporting security system is still lacking and the internal level of the system framework, power allocation is not equal, and at the same time to improve the shortcomings of the recommendations, It includes perfecting the relevant legislative provisions on the prevention of corruption at the legal level, constructing the special anti-corruption law and completing the construction of the relevant special corruption prevention mechanism under the guidance of the system theory, perfecting the external supervision mechanism, and strengthening the international cooperation and exchange. Anti-corruption is a research subject that keeps pace with the times. In the practice of anti-corruption prevention, we must promote the prevention strategy to the global level and connect with the international standards. On this basis, the implementation of extensive social participation as one of the comprehensive measures to prevent corruption, the implementation of both punishment and prevention, the establishment and improvement of anti-corruption prevention mechanism with Chinese characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D997.9

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