美国对华反补贴问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 02:52

本文选题：补贴 + 美国反补贴法　；参考：《山东大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 自中国加入WTO以来,中美两国双边贸易得到快速发展,2006年中国成为美国的全球第二大贸易伙伴,而美国也是中国的全球第二大贸易伙伴和最大的出口市场。伴随越来越紧密的经贸联系的是两国之间日渐频繁、不断增多的贸易争端,中美两国在人民币汇率、反倾销、特保和知识产权问题上摩擦激烈,但由于中国的“非市场经济国家”地位,美国一直未对中国适用反补贴法,直到2007年3月,在美国国内不断高涨地加强对中国实施贸易保护的呼声中,美国政府转变态度,宣布对华适用反补贴法。“铜版纸案”成为美国对华反补贴的开端,紧接着在短短两年时间内美国密集启动12起对华反倾销反补贴调查,反补贴迅速成为美国遏制中国出口快速增长的常用保护措施。本文在从理论和经济效应两个方面对补贴与反补贴进行分析后,概述了美国现行反补贴制度,依判例法脉络展现了美国对华反补贴的制度演进过程,在此基础上进一步分析认为美国转变态度对华适用反补贴法有经济和政治两方面原因,经济上,中国自身的问题是出口产品结构单一、市场集中度过高,而促使美国转变态度的重要因素是对华贸易逆差不断扩大和对“夕阳产业”的保护;政治上,反补贴政策变化与美国的选举政治特征和民主党控制国会关系密切,在贸易中利益受损的各利益集团积极向政府游说、施压推动了美国政府的态度转变。在介绍美国对华反补贴现状后,本文认为应对这一严峻形势,政府需要调整补贴政策、建立信息服务体系、发展与出口相关的基础设施,而行业组织和企业要与政府密切合作、积极行动。
[Abstract]:Since China's entry into the WTO, bilateral trade between China and the United States has developed rapidly. In 2006, China became the second largest trading partner of the United States and the United States the second largest trading partner and the largest export market of China. Along with the increasingly close economic and trade ties between the two countries are the increasingly frequent and increasing trade disputes between China and the United States over the RMB exchange rate, anti-dumping, safeguard and intellectual property issues, However, because of China's status as a "non-market economy country," the United States has not applied the countervailing law to China until March 2007, when the US government changed its attitude in the face of rising calls in the United States to strengthen trade protection against China. To declare the application of countervailing law to China. The "coated Paper case" became the beginning of the United States countervailing to China, followed by 12 anti-dumping and countervailing investigations launched by the United States in a short period of two years. Countervailing has quickly become a common protective measure for the United States to curb the rapid growth of China's exports. After analyzing the subsidy and countervailing system from two aspects of theory and economic effect, this paper summarizes the current countervailing system in the United States, and shows the evolution of countervailing system of the United States to China according to the context of case law. On this basis, it is further analyzed that there are economic and political reasons for the United States to change its attitude and apply the countervailing law to China. Economically, China's own problems are that the export product structure is single and the market concentration is too high. The important factors that have prompted the United States to change its attitude are the growing trade deficit with China and the protection of "sunset industries." politically, the changes in countervailing policies are closely related to the political characteristics of American elections and the Democratic Party's control of Congress. Trade-impaired interest groups actively lobbied the government, pushing for a change in attitude. After introducing the current situation of American countervailing to China, this paper argues that the government should adjust the subsidy policy, establish information service system, develop export-related infrastructure, and trade organizations and enterprises should cooperate closely with the government. Positive action.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：F752.7

【引证文献】