论ADR在WTO争端解决机制中存在的必要性

发布时间：2018-06-04 00:36

本文选题：ADR + WTO争端解决机制　；参考：《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：伴随世界贸易的繁荣发展，各国之间的贸易联系日益密切，世纪贸易组织即WTO在国际经济的合作与发展中发挥着日益重要的作用。它与IMF（国际货币基金组织），WB（世界银行）一同被称为当今世界经济发展的“三大支柱”。1WTO在促进各国经济贸易发展的同时，也以其自身的争端解决机制来处理各国的贸易摩擦，然而各国的贸易形式及内容多样化、复杂化等一系列问题使既有的单一争端解决机制在处理争议时显得力不从心。ADR（alternative disputeresolution）作为一种简易、迅捷、便于操作的争端解决机制逐渐受到各贸易主体的亲睐。文章旨归是将ADR与WTO争端解决机制的主要内容予以介绍，反映出ADR的优势所在以及WTO争端解决机制的弊端，进而引申出ADR的存在是必要的这一中心论点。本文的创新之处在于通过对ADR本身的介绍以及WTO中传统的争端解决机制的分析，总结出ADR较WTO争端解决机制的运行优势，从而分析为什么在当前阶段以及今后一个较长时期内ADR有其存在的必要性，进而强调ADR在解决国际贸易争议过程中的重要性。文章主要分为四个部分：第一部分主要是对ADR制度的一般概述。首先介绍ADR制度的概念，通过援引西方相关法律论著，对什么是ADR制度以及在定义过程中出现的争议做一个大致介绍，然后给出自己的意见。其次，阐述ADR制度的法律特征，，主要通过三个方面的叙述将其特征呈现出来。再次，说明ADR的主要表现形式，通过对现阶段ADR在解决商事争议中存在的具体形式进行例举，并对每种形式进行大致介绍。最后，讨论ADR与司法诉讼的关系，以求能对ADR做到相对正确的把握。第二部分主要是对WTO争端解决机制的一般概述。这部分将对WTO争端解决机制的主要内容、特点以及适用范围进行介绍使读者对该机制有一个比较客观的认识。第三部分着重介绍WTO争端解决机制的局限性。第四部分分析WTO争议解决机制中ADR的存在价值。主要从以下两大方面入手。首先分析WTO合作协议框架下争议的的特点与性质，给出特点后进而说明多种解决争议机制的存在对解决这些争议的解决大有裨益。其次讨论ADR自身的优势，通过文中第一部分的介绍总结出ADR相较WTO争端解决机制的优势，而这部分优势能够与传统的争端解决机制做到互补。再次，分析ADR能够实际发挥作用的可行性。主要从ADR的运行成本及边际成本结合当前争议解决实践中积累的经验说明不单理论上可行而且实践中必要。最后，对ADR与WTO争端解决机制的衔接给出合理化建议，以便使两种机制能互相补充，充分发挥作用。
[Abstract]:With the prosperity and development of world trade, the trade relations between countries are becoming closer and closer. In the century, WTO is playing an increasingly important role in the cooperation and development of international economy. Together with the IMF (International Monetary Fund) WBB (World Bank), it has been called the "three pillars" of today's world economic development. The WTO, while promoting the economic and trade development of all countries, also uses its own dispute settlement mechanism to deal with trade frictions among countries. However, a series of problems, such as diversification and complexity of trade forms and contents of various countries, make the existing single dispute settlement mechanism seem unable to deal with disputes. The easy-to-operate dispute settlement mechanism is gradually favored by various trading bodies. The aim of this paper is to introduce the main contents of ADR and WTO dispute settlement mechanism, reflecting the advantages of ADR and the disadvantages of WTO dispute settlement mechanism, and then generalizing the central argument that the existence of ADR is necessary. The innovation of this paper is that through the introduction of ADR itself and the analysis of the traditional dispute settlement mechanism in WTO, the author concludes that ADR is superior to the WTO dispute settlement mechanism in operation. This paper analyzes why there is a necessity for ADR to exist in the present stage and for a long time to come, and then emphasizes the importance of ADR in the process of resolving international trade disputes. The article is divided into four parts: the first part is a general overview of the ADR system. This paper first introduces the concept of ADR system, then gives a general introduction of what is ADR system and the disputes arising in the process of definition, and then gives its own opinion. Secondly, it expounds the legal characteristics of ADR system, mainly through three aspects of narration to present its characteristics. Thirdly, it explains the main forms of ADR, through the current ADR in the settlement of commercial disputes in the specific form of examples, and the general introduction of each form. Finally, the relationship between ADR and judicial proceedings is discussed in order to grasp ADR correctly. The second part is the general overview of WTO dispute settlement mechanism. This part will introduce the main content, characteristics and scope of application of WTO dispute settlement mechanism so that readers have a more objective understanding of the mechanism. The third part mainly introduces the limitation of WTO dispute settlement mechanism. The fourth part analyzes the existence value of ADR in WTO dispute settlement mechanism. Mainly from the following two major aspects. This paper first analyzes the characteristics and properties of disputes under the framework of WTO cooperation agreement, and then explains that the existence of various dispute resolution mechanisms is of great benefit to the settlement of these disputes. Secondly, the advantages of ADR itself are discussed, and the advantages of ADR compared with WTO dispute settlement mechanism are summarized through the introduction of the first part of this paper, which can complement the traditional dispute settlement mechanism. Third, analyze the feasibility of ADR can actually play a role. Mainly from the operation cost and marginal cost of ADR combined with the experience accumulated in the current dispute settlement practice, it is not only feasible in theory but also necessary in practice. Finally, some reasonable suggestions on the connection between ADR and WTO dispute settlement mechanism are given in order to make the two mechanisms complement each other and play a full role.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D996.1

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