WTO环境保护例外条款的法律适用研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 22:32

本文选题：GATT第二十条 + WTO争端解决机构　；参考：《华东政法大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国为了贯彻资源保护和可持续发展战略，对稀土资源出口进行限制性管理。2012年3月13日，美国、日本和欧盟分别向WTO提交了针对中国稀土出口管制问题的磋商请求。磋商未果后，美国于2012年6月27日请求成立专家组审理此案。此次诉讼引发的法律问题对WTO法律体系具有重大意义，其反映出自由贸易与环境保护长久以来的紧张关系。 WTO协调自由贸易与环境保护的一个重要方面是《1994年关税与贸易总协定》第二十条的环境保护例外条款，其适用主要包括三方面：第二十条引言、第二十条（b）款以及第二十条（g）款。本文主要通过解读WTO相关案例，对WTO争端解决机构下环境保护例外条款的法律适用问题进行研究，，从而了解WTO多边贸易体制是如何通过该条款协调自由贸易与环境保护之间的冲突。同时，本文通过分析解读最近一起涉及中国的贸易与环境案例—美欧墨诉中国原材料案，进而总结出该条款的法律适用对中国的影响。最后，本文对最新作出裁决的中国稀土案件进行解读并预测该案未来的走势，以及对中国在未来应当如何应对此类诉讼提出了一些建议。
[Abstract]:In order to implement the strategy of resource protection and sustainable development, China carries out restrictive management of rare earth resource exports. On March 13, 2012, the United States, Japan and the European Union submitted to the WTO a request for consultation on the issue of China's rare earth export control. After consultations failed, the United States requested the establishment of a panel of experts on 27 June 2012 to hear the case. The legal issues raised by the lawsuit are significant to the WTO legal system, reflecting long-standing tensions between free trade and environmental protection. An important aspect of WTO coordination between free trade and environmental protection is the environmental protection exception clause in Article XX of the General Agreement on tariffs and Trade of 1994. Its application mainly includes three aspects: introduction to Article XX, Articles 20 (b) and 20 (g). This article mainly through the interpretation WTO related case, carries on the research to the WTO dispute settlement body under the environment protection exception clause legal application question, To understand how the WTO multilateral trading system to coordinate the conflict between free trade and environmental protection through this clause. At the same time, this paper analyzes and interprets a recent trade and environment case involving China, the case of American and European Mexico v. China's raw materials, and concludes the impact of the legal application of this clause on China. Finally, this paper interprets the latest Chinese rare earth case and predicts the future trend of the case, and puts forward some suggestions on how China should deal with this kind of lawsuit in the future.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D996.1

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