《实施动植物卫生检疫措施（SPS）协定》第5条研究

发布时间：2018-06-10 03:09

本文选题：实施动植物卫生检疫措施 + SPS协定　；参考：《辽宁大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着人们生活水平的提高，食品安全与健康问题越来越引起社会的关注，成为国家与政府调控的重点，，在国际层面的表现即为各国纷纷采取动植物卫生检疫措施，试图将风险阻却在国门之外，但由此产生的贸易摩擦也同样阻碍了国际贸易的发展。作为调整卫生安全与国际贸易矛盾的专门的国际协定，《实施动植物卫生检疫措施协定》在这方面的作用不容小觑。本文在充分认识到该协定在当前形势下重大意义的基础上，对该协定的核心条款第5条展开分析研究，文章的第二部分对第5条各条款的法律分析作为通篇的重点，对风险评估原则、适当保护水平及风险预防原则进行了详细的讲解，并总结出适用规则，通过对中英文条文的分解解读，把握第5条各条款的设定目的及意义，掌握其所反映的规则要求，并对争端解决机构专家组及上诉机构在涉及动植物卫生检疫领域案例中的报告进行解析，以掌握国际司法机构对第5条的态度及该条款的运用规则，从而为我国的国内安全及国际贸易的发展提供法理基础；同时，本文还注意跟踪了该协定第5条的最新发展，补充完善了第5条的法条理解，及时掌握国际社会对该协定的动态，另外，还对上诉机构在判例中的重要结论进行了评价，以期不足之处在未来能得到改善；本文的最后一部分详细介绍了国际社会对《实施动植物卫生检疫措施协定》的重视，特别是典型国家对第5条核心条款的注重与应用，其中对欧盟侧重于风险预防、美国侧重于风险评估及科学证据的表现进行了详细的列举，并对《实施动植物卫生检疫措施协定》第5条的内容与《北美自由贸易协定》在卫生检疫领域的规定的高度吻合性进行了比对，最后将文章的落脚点回归到我国国内，在肯定我国国内有关风险评估制度、国际标准、风险预防等内容的现有法律先进性的同时，指出其在法律地位及规定可操作性上的不足，并提出改进意见，以促进我国保护国内动植物生命健康能力的提高，促进我国对外贸易的发展。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of people's living standards, food safety and health issues have attracted more and more attention of the society and become the focus of national and government regulation and control. In the international level, many countries have adopted sanitary and phytosanitary measures. Trying to keep risks out of the country, but the resulting trade friction also hinders the development of international trade. As a special international agreement which adjusts the contradiction between health safety and international trade, the role of the Agreement on the implementation of Sanitary and Phytosanitary measures in this respect cannot be underestimated. This paper, on the basis of fully recognizing the great significance of the Agreement under the present situation, The second part of the article focuses on the legal analysis of each article of Article 5 as the focus of the whole article, and explains in detail the principles of risk assessment, appropriate level of protection and the principle of risk prevention. And summed up the applicable rules, through the analysis of the Chinese and English articles, grasp the purpose and significance of the provisions of Article 5, grasp the rules reflected by the requirements, And to parse the reports of panels of dispute settlement bodies and appellate bodies in cases involving the field of animal and plant health and quarantine in order to grasp the attitude of international judicial bodies towards article 5 and the rules governing its application, This provides a legal basis for the development of domestic security and international trade in China. At the same time, this paper also pays attention to the latest development of Article 5 of the Agreement and complements the understanding of Article 5. (B) to keep abreast of developments in the international community with regard to the Agreement and, in addition, to evaluate the important conclusions of the appellate body in its jurisprudence, with a view to improving the deficiencies in the future; In the last part of this paper, the emphasis of the international community on the implementation of the Agreement on Phytosanitary and Phytosanitary measures is introduced in detail, especially the emphasis and application of the core provisions of Article 5 in typical countries, in which the EU focuses on risk prevention. The United States focuses on risk assessment and the performance of scientific evidence for detailed enumeration, In addition, the contents of Article 5 of the Agreement on the implementation of Sanitary and Quarantine measures are compared with the highly consistent provisions of the North American Free Trade Agreement in the field of health and quarantine. Finally, the foothold of the article is returned to our country. While affirming the existing legal advancement of China's domestic risk assessment system, international standards, risk prevention, and so on, this paper points out the deficiencies in the legal status and operability of the regulations, and puts forward some suggestions for improvement. In order to promote China's ability to protect the life and health of domestic animals and plants, promote the development of China's foreign trade.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D996.1

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