从国际法的视角看海洋国土的概念

发布时间：2018-06-13 12:38

本文选题：海洋国土 + 内涵和外延　；参考：《中国海洋大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着《联合国海洋法公约》的生效，我国具有管辖权的海域和海洋利益不断扩展，一些新的概念相继被提出，海洋国土或者蓝色国土就是其中之一。海洋国土概念形成的原因是多方面的，既有国际海洋法的推进，也有国内海洋意识的觉醒，同时也离不开现实海洋形势的催促。海洋国土的观念从萌芽到提出，后经发展，又到现代的反思与总结，这既是人们对海洋认识的深化，也是海洋开发实践不断发展的结果。从国际法的视角看海洋国土的内涵，首先要正确的区分开领土与国土的关系，继而界定出国土的应有的含义。国土实际上是一种供国家发展的空间或者资源。海洋国土作为国土的下位概念或者构成部分，是指根据国际法或者国内法确定，由邻海因素产生的，沿海国具有非完全主权性或专属排它性权利的海洋资源及其存在的海洋空间，海洋国土的实质是一种海洋资源或者海洋空间。一个完整的概念是内涵和外延的统一整体，海洋国土概念的外延就是要系统地探讨各个水域与海洋国土的关系，即论证各个水域是不是属于海洋国土的外延。对于海洋国土的外延，目前主要由最广外延说、中等外延说和狭窄外延说等不同的观点。对于领海和专属经济区争议较少，都主张纳入我国的海洋国土的范围内。内海是内水的一部分，但是由于其并不是国际法意义上的海洋，因此也就不能算是我们的海洋国土；对于毗连区和专属经济区，毗连区单独并不能构成一国的海洋国土，这主要是由其法律地位和性质决定的，但是这部分海域可基于专属经济区的重合原因取得海洋国土的地位；国际海底区域是人类共同继承的财产，不是任何国家专属，，因此不能算是海洋国土，而对于国际海底区域的矿区，主要由于其取得方式和区域的法律地位原因而不能成为海洋国土。合理界定海洋国土的概念，树立恰当的海洋国土观念，才能更好地维护我们的海洋权益，实现我国的海洋强国梦想。
[Abstract]:With the entry into force of the United Nations Convention on the law of the sea, the sea and ocean interests of our country have been expanded, and some new concepts have been put forward. The marine land or the blue land is one of them. The reasons for the formation of the concept of marine land are manifold, both the international ocean law and the awakening of the domestic ocean consciousness. At the same time, it is inseparable from the urge of the reality of the ocean. The concept of marine land is from germination to proposal, after development, and to modern reflection and summary, which is not only the deepening of people's understanding of the ocean, but also the result of the continuous development of marine development practice.
From the perspective of international law, the connotation of the marine land is first to be correctly defined as the relationship between the territory and the territory, and then the meaning of the land is defined. In fact, the land is a space or resource for the development of the country. As the lower concept or component of the land, the marine land is defined as the international law or the domestic law. The coastal state has the marine resources which are not fully sovereign or exclusive of its exclusive rights and their existing marine space. The essence of the marine land is a kind of marine resources or ocean space.
A complete concept is the unity of connotation and extension. The extension of the concept of marine land is to systematically explore the relationship between the various waters and the marine land, that is to demonstrate whether each water area belongs to the extension of the marine land. As for the territorial sea and the exclusive economic zone, there are few disputes over the territorial waters of our country. The inner sea is part of the internal water, but because it is not an ocean in the sense of international law, it can not be regarded as our marine territory; for the adjacent area and the exclusive Economic Zone, the adjacent area can not be constituted alone. The marine territory of a country is mainly determined by its legal status and nature, but this part of the sea area can be based on the coincidence of the exclusive economic zone. The international seabed region is a common inheritance of human property, not any state exclusive, so it can not be considered as a Marine Territory, and for the mine of the international seabed area. The area is not a marine territory because of the way of obtaining and the legal status of the region.
It is better to safeguard our maritime rights and interests and realize the dream of China's maritime power by reasonably defining the concept of Marine Territory and setting up an appropriate concept of Marine Territory.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D993.5

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