电子废物跨境转移法律规制研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 09:32

本文选题：电子废物 + 跨境转移　；参考：《中国政法大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着人类社会科学技术的飞速发展,电子产品得到了日益广泛的应用,电子废物的产生量也因此不断增加。发达国家出于经济利益、环境考量等原因,不愿将电子废物在本国进行处置,而是以各种名义将其出口至其他国家,而发展中国家为了追求短期的经济利益,往往愿意接受电子废物入境,由此产生的电子废物跨境转移问题已经给全球环境以及人类社会的可持续发展带来了严峻的挑战。如何完善电子废物跨境转移的法律规制,是国际社会讨论的热点,也是目前迫切需要解决的实际问题。本文首先梳理了世界上规制电子废物跨境转移的立法情况,在此基础上找到现有规制体系存在的问题,并尝试提出解决办法。全文共分为五个部分: 第一部分是对电子废物跨境转移法律规制的背景介绍。本部分界定了废物、电子废物、跨境转移等基本概念,分析了电子废物跨境转移的成因及规制的必要性。第二部分是世界范围内的电子废物跨境转移的法律规制框架介绍。本部分分为全球性公约的规制、区域性条约的规制、部分国内法的规三个部分,从不同层面分析梳理了电子废物跨境转移的国际法律规制现状。第三部分着重研究现有法律规制制度和存在的问题。电子废物跨境转移法律规制已形成了无害环境管理制度、事先知情同意制度、非法运输控制制度等基本制度,但各层面的规制仍存在着种种不足之处,本部分的分析为改进和完善建议的提出打下了良好的基础。第四部分提出了完善电子废物跨境转移法律规制的构想。根据现有规制存在的问题,建议在国际法层面充分发挥《巴塞尔公约》的主导作用,加强区域合作,构建与电子废物跨境转移的法律相协调的WTO规则。同时,为使国际规制体系更好地发挥作用,各国有必要进一步完善其国内法的规定。第五部分是对完善我国电子废物跨境转移法律规制的建议。本部分从我国电子废物立法、执法的现状入手,分析存在的问题,并尝试对提出完善建议。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of science and technology in human society, electronic products have been increasingly widely used, and the amount of electronic waste has been increasing. For reasons of economic interest, environmental considerations and other reasons, developed countries are reluctant to dispose of e-waste in their own countries and export it to other countries in various names, while developing countries pursue short-term economic benefits. The problem of cross-border transfer of e-waste, which is often willing to accept the entry of e-waste, has brought serious challenges to the global environment and the sustainable development of human society. How to perfect the legal regulation of the cross-border transfer of electronic waste is a hot topic in the international community, and it is also a practical problem that needs to be solved urgently. This paper firstly combs the legislation of regulating the cross-border transfer of electronic waste in the world, and on this basis, finds out the existing problems in the existing regulatory system, and tries to put forward solutions. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part is the background of the legal regulation of electronic waste cross-border movement. This part defines the basic concepts of waste, electronic waste and cross-border transfer, and analyzes the causes of the cross-border transfer of e-waste and the necessity of regulation. The second part is the introduction of the legal framework of electronic waste transborder transfer in the world. This part is divided into three parts: the regulation of global convention, the regulation of regional treaty and the regulation of part of domestic law. The third part focuses on the existing legal regulation system and existing problems. The legal regulation on the cross-border transfer of electronic waste has formed the basic systems such as environmentally sound management system, prior informed consent system, illegal traffic control system and so on, but there are still various deficiencies in the regulation of various levels. The analysis of this part lays a good foundation for the improvement and improvement of the proposal. The fourth part puts forward the idea of perfecting the legal regulation of cross-border transfer of e-waste. According to the existing problems of regulation, it is suggested to give full play to the leading role of Basel Convention in international law, to strengthen regional cooperation, and to construct WTO rules that coordinate with the laws on the cross-border transfer of electronic wastes. At the same time, in order to make the international regulation system play a better role, it is necessary for countries to further improve the provisions of their domestic laws. The fifth part is to consummate our country electronic waste cross-boundary transfer legal regulation suggestion. This part starts with the current situation of legislation and law enforcement of electronic waste in China, analyzes the existing problems, and tries to put forward some suggestions for perfection.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D996

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