全球气候变暖背景下的人类生存权保护

发布时间：2018-06-30 08:14

本文选题：生存权 + 人权　；参考：《外交学院》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：生存权是除生命权外人类享有的最基本的权利。任何人要想存活，就必须获得维持生命所必需的食物、水、基本居住条件等，而维持这些条件又必须以安全的生态环境为前提。没有可持续的适合人类生存的生态环境，一切维持生存的手段都是无源之水，无本之木。目前，人类的生存权正遭受着气候变化的消极影响。当前国际社会应对气候变化的主要法律基础是1992年《联合国气候变化框架公约》及其1997年《京都议定书》，采取的多边机制是每年召开的联合国气候变化大会，但是随着2012年《京都议定书》所规定的减排任务到期，后京都时代国际社会应对气候变化的法律基础将进入到空白期，人类生存权的保障也将会遇到更大的挑战；国际人权条约对生存权项下的具体权利的保障设定了各种标准和保障机制。国际社会未来在探索气候变化应对机制时，应与国际人权标准相互结合，，只有这样，才能使全球在应对气候变化过程中实现对人类生存权的保障。
[Abstract]:The right to existence is the most basic right enjoyed by human beings except the right to life. Anyone who wants to survive must be provided with food, water, basic living conditions, etc., which must be maintained on the premise of a safe ecological environment. There is no sustainable ecological environment suitable for human survival, all means of survival are no source of water, no wood. At present, the human right to life is suffering from the negative effects of climate change. The main legal basis for the current international response to climate change is the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate change and its 1997 Kyoto Protocol, and the multilateral mechanism adopted is the annual United Nations Climate change Conference, However, with the expiration of the emission reduction task stipulated in the Kyoto Protocol in 2012, the legal basis of the international community to deal with climate change in the post-Kyoto era will enter into a blank period, and the guarantee of human survival rights will also meet with greater challenges; International human rights treaties set various standards and mechanisms for the protection of specific rights under the right to life. In the future, the international community should combine the international human rights standards with the international human rights standards when exploring the climate change response mechanism. Only in this way, can the world realize the guarantee of human survival in the process of dealing with climate change.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D996.9

【参考文献】