中国区际民商事判决承认执行中的管辖权问题
发布时间：2018-07-17 15:19
【摘要】：发生在法域之间的司法民商事判决的承认和执行历来是国际私法研究和关注的热点问题。其中，管辖权审查又是一国或一地区法院是否承认并执行其他法域法院民商事判决的重要因素。中国作为一个单一制且多法域的国家，，管辖权冲突以及在承认执行阶段的审查在区际民商事判决承认执行中比较常见，然而不管是大陆与港澳台之间的《安排》，还是国内立法均缺乏具体的管辖权审查规则。管辖权规则的相对缺失是我国区际间民商事判决难以得到及时承认执行的重要原因，也成为大陆与港澳台之间民商事正常交往的阻碍。 与此相应的是，国际上关于法域间管辖权规则的协调已经存在国际条约形式的实践。其中1968年《布鲁塞尔关于民商事案件管辖权以及判决执行公约》秉承欧共体的精神和法律框架，率先在欧共体国家之间实现了民商事判决的自由流动。该条约创造性地分别对直接和间接管辖权规则进行规定，将各个参加国的国内管辖权规则以黑白名单的形式加以列举，这也是目前为止主权国家之间签署的规定最为严格的关于管辖权规则的国际公约。另外，由海牙国际私法协会主导起草的一系列海牙公约，经历了几次修改，最终形成2005年海牙《选择法院协议公约》，其仅选择仅将管辖权规则的统一限制在协议选择管辖权领域的立约方法，在主权国家之间取得了最大程度的共识。我国参与了1999海牙公约（草案）和2005年海牙公约的起草，并且已经将后者成果运用在几年前出台的《内港安排》关于判决执行规则的规定中，在管辖权规则统一的领域，当然也可以借鉴这些有益的经验。 本文一共分为三个部分： 第一部分是关于我国区际民商事管辖权冲突的概述。此部分主要介绍民商事管辖权冲突的概念和类型，以及中国大陆与港澳台三地管辖权冲突的现状，并试图找到相对应的原因。 第二部分着重分析相关国际条约的不同模式及其经验得失。 第三部分回到我国区际管辖权冲突的问题上来，重在找到一条协调中国民商事管辖权冲突的解决之道。
[Abstract]:The recognition and enforcement of judicial civil and commercial judgments between jurisdictions has always been a hot issue in private international law. Jurisdiction examination is also an important factor for a country or a district court to recognize and enforce civil and commercial judgments in other jurisdictions. As a country with a single system and multiple jurisdictions, conflicts of jurisdiction and review at the stage of recognition and enforcement are more common in interregional civil and commercial judgment recognition enforcement. However, neither the arrangement between the mainland, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, nor the domestic legislation has specific jurisdiction review rules. The relative absence of jurisdiction rules is the important reason why the inter-regional civil and commercial judgments in our country are difficult to be recognized and executed in time, and also the obstacles to the normal civil and commercial exchanges between the mainland and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. Accordingly, international practice on the coordination of jurisdictional rules between jurisdictions already exists in the form of international treaties. The Brussels Convention on jurisdiction in Civil and Commercial cases and the Enforcement of judgments in 1968, in keeping with the spirit and legal framework of the European Community, took the lead in realizing the free flow of civil and commercial judgments among the EC countries. The Treaty creatively provides for the rules of direct and indirect jurisdiction, listing the domestic jurisdiction rules of each participating State in a black-and-white list, It is also the most stringent international convention on jurisdiction rules ever signed between sovereign states. In addition, a series of Hague conventions, drafted under the auspices of the Hague Institute of Private International Law, have undergone several amendments. Finally, the Hague Convention on the Choice of Court Agreement of 2005 was formed, which only chose to limit the unification of jurisdiction rules to the treaty method in the field of jurisdiction selection by agreement, and gained the most consensus among sovereign states. Our country has participated in the drafting of the 1999 Hague Convention (draft) and the 2005 Hague Convention, and has applied the latter results to the provisions on the enforcement rules of judgments issued a few years ago in the area of uniform jurisdiction rules. Of course, we can learn from these useful experiences. This paper is divided into three parts: the first part is about the conflict of civil and commercial jurisdiction. This part mainly introduces the concept and type of civil and commercial jurisdiction conflicts, and the status quo of jurisdiction conflicts between mainland China and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, and tries to find the corresponding reasons. The second part focuses on the analysis of the different models of relevant international treaties and their experience. The third part comes back to the problem of interregional jurisdiction conflict in China, and focuses on finding a solution to coordinate the conflict of civil and commercial jurisdiction in China.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D997.1
本文编号：2130077
[Abstract]:The recognition and enforcement of judicial civil and commercial judgments between jurisdictions has always been a hot issue in private international law. Jurisdiction examination is also an important factor for a country or a district court to recognize and enforce civil and commercial judgments in other jurisdictions. As a country with a single system and multiple jurisdictions, conflicts of jurisdiction and review at the stage of recognition and enforcement are more common in interregional civil and commercial judgment recognition enforcement. However, neither the arrangement between the mainland, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, nor the domestic legislation has specific jurisdiction review rules. The relative absence of jurisdiction rules is the important reason why the inter-regional civil and commercial judgments in our country are difficult to be recognized and executed in time, and also the obstacles to the normal civil and commercial exchanges between the mainland and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. Accordingly, international practice on the coordination of jurisdictional rules between jurisdictions already exists in the form of international treaties. The Brussels Convention on jurisdiction in Civil and Commercial cases and the Enforcement of judgments in 1968, in keeping with the spirit and legal framework of the European Community, took the lead in realizing the free flow of civil and commercial judgments among the EC countries. The Treaty creatively provides for the rules of direct and indirect jurisdiction, listing the domestic jurisdiction rules of each participating State in a black-and-white list, It is also the most stringent international convention on jurisdiction rules ever signed between sovereign states. In addition, a series of Hague conventions, drafted under the auspices of the Hague Institute of Private International Law, have undergone several amendments. Finally, the Hague Convention on the Choice of Court Agreement of 2005 was formed, which only chose to limit the unification of jurisdiction rules to the treaty method in the field of jurisdiction selection by agreement, and gained the most consensus among sovereign states. Our country has participated in the drafting of the 1999 Hague Convention (draft) and the 2005 Hague Convention, and has applied the latter results to the provisions on the enforcement rules of judgments issued a few years ago in the area of uniform jurisdiction rules. Of course, we can learn from these useful experiences. This paper is divided into three parts: the first part is about the conflict of civil and commercial jurisdiction. This part mainly introduces the concept and type of civil and commercial jurisdiction conflicts, and the status quo of jurisdiction conflicts between mainland China and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, and tries to find the corresponding reasons. The second part focuses on the analysis of the different models of relevant international treaties and their experience. The third part comes back to the problem of interregional jurisdiction conflict in China, and focuses on finding a solution to coordinate the conflict of civil and commercial jurisdiction in China.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D997.1
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