海上钻井平台油污损害赔偿法律问题研究
发布时间：2018-08-02 07:58
【摘要】：迄今为止,石油仍然是对人类生存和发展最重要的能源。但陆地石油开采已逐渐不能满足人类社会快速发展的需求,于此同时海上石油勘探开发活动蓬勃发展起来。然而随着海上石油开采水域的不断加深,接踵而来的溢油事故也让海洋环境和人类社会蒙受了巨大的灾难。发生于2010年4月20日的墨西哥湾“深水地平线”溢油事故震惊了全世界,而在这起事故的后续处理中所展现的美国相关法律规定的体系性和成熟性以及由此暴露出的不足之处都引起了国际、各国国内立法界、学术界的广泛讨论。相比之下,我国在2011年6月发生的渤海蓬莱19-3油田溢油事件中的应急处理及赔偿恢复工作,深刻揭露了我国相关立法的严重缺失及配套机制的极度不完善。本文拟从宏观上较全面地分析海上钻井平台油污损害赔偿涉及到的法律问题,以期为今后该法律问题的研究起到抛砖引玉的作用,同时成为未来相关立法工作的参考。 本文绪论从海上钻井平台油污损害赔偿法律问题研究这一题目的选题背景及意义切入,文章正文共分为六个部分。第一部分概括叙述海上钻井平台油污损害赔偿涉及到的若干基本法律问题。具体包括对海上钻井平台的含义和特点的论述、对平台属性的界定、对平台造成油污损害的现状阐述及对平台油污损害赔偿的国内外立法现状分析几个方面。第二部分至第六部分则分别从海上钻井平台油污损害赔偿的归责原则、责任限制、责任主体、赔偿范围、强制保险、赔偿基金这几个方面,通过对相关国际公约的阐释及美国OPA90的评析,并结合相关理论,着重探讨了各方面理论和实务中争议较大的问题,进而对我国海上钻井平台油污损害赔偿立法提出若干建议。
[Abstract]:Up to now, oil is still the most important energy for the survival and development of mankind. However, land oil production has been unable to meet the rapid development of human society. Meanwhile, offshore oil exploration and development activities are booming. However, with the deepening of offshore oil exploitation waters, oil spill accidents have caused great disaster to marine environment and human society. The Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico on April 20, 2010, shocked the world. However, the systematic and mature nature of the relevant American laws and regulations and the deficiencies exposed in the subsequent handling of the accident have aroused extensive discussion among the international, domestic legislative circles and academic circles. In contrast, the emergency treatment and recovery of compensation in the oil spill incident in Penglai 19-3 oilfield in Bohai Sea in June 2011 have deeply exposed the serious lack of relevant legislation and the imperfection of supporting mechanism in China. This paper intends to analyze the legal problems involved in compensation for oil pollution damage of offshore drilling platforms from a macro perspective in order to serve as a starting point for the future study of this legal issue and to serve as a reference for future relevant legislative work. This paper introduces the background and significance of the research on the legal problem of oil pollution compensation for offshore drilling platform. The text of this paper is divided into six parts. In the first part, some basic legal problems involved in oil pollution compensation of offshore drilling platform are summarized. It includes the discussion of the meaning and characteristics of offshore drilling platform, the definition of platform attributes, the current situation of oil pollution damage caused by the platform and the analysis of domestic and foreign legislation status of compensation for oil pollution damage on the platform. From the second to the sixth parts, respectively, from the principles of liability, limitation of liability, main body of liability, scope of compensation, compulsory insurance and compensation fund of compensation for oil pollution damage of offshore drilling platform, Through the interpretation of the relevant international conventions and the analysis of the United States OPA90, and combining with the relevant theories, this paper emphatically discusses the controversial issues in various aspects of theory and practice, and then puts forward some suggestions on the legislation of compensation for oil pollution damage on offshore drilling platforms in China.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.294;D996.19;X55
本文编号：2158730
[Abstract]:Up to now, oil is still the most important energy for the survival and development of mankind. However, land oil production has been unable to meet the rapid development of human society. Meanwhile, offshore oil exploration and development activities are booming. However, with the deepening of offshore oil exploitation waters, oil spill accidents have caused great disaster to marine environment and human society. The Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico on April 20, 2010, shocked the world. However, the systematic and mature nature of the relevant American laws and regulations and the deficiencies exposed in the subsequent handling of the accident have aroused extensive discussion among the international, domestic legislative circles and academic circles. In contrast, the emergency treatment and recovery of compensation in the oil spill incident in Penglai 19-3 oilfield in Bohai Sea in June 2011 have deeply exposed the serious lack of relevant legislation and the imperfection of supporting mechanism in China. This paper intends to analyze the legal problems involved in compensation for oil pollution damage of offshore drilling platforms from a macro perspective in order to serve as a starting point for the future study of this legal issue and to serve as a reference for future relevant legislative work. This paper introduces the background and significance of the research on the legal problem of oil pollution compensation for offshore drilling platform. The text of this paper is divided into six parts. In the first part, some basic legal problems involved in oil pollution compensation of offshore drilling platform are summarized. It includes the discussion of the meaning and characteristics of offshore drilling platform, the definition of platform attributes, the current situation of oil pollution damage caused by the platform and the analysis of domestic and foreign legislation status of compensation for oil pollution damage on the platform. From the second to the sixth parts, respectively, from the principles of liability, limitation of liability, main body of liability, scope of compensation, compulsory insurance and compensation fund of compensation for oil pollution damage of offshore drilling platform, Through the interpretation of the relevant international conventions and the analysis of the United States OPA90, and combining with the relevant theories, this paper emphatically discusses the controversial issues in various aspects of theory and practice, and then puts forward some suggestions on the legislation of compensation for oil pollution damage on offshore drilling platforms in China.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.294;D996.19;X55
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