中美防空识别区制度比较研究

发布时间：2018-08-02 20:07

【摘要】：防空识别区,是指一些国家和地区根据其空防需要而设立的在本国领空以外的空间区域,并对进入该空间区域的航空器进行识别、定位和控制。美国早在1950年便设立了防空识别区,距今已有半个多世纪。紧随美国之后,世界上陆续有二十多个国家设立了防空识别区,并对进入其防空识别区的航空器进行识别和管理,中国也于2013年宣布设立东海防空识别区。各国单方面划定的防空识别区范围和制定的识别管理规则深深地影响了航空便利与安全,甚至影响了国家之间的关系。防空识别区制度对相关各国如此重要,然而在国际社会上却没有相关国际法对防空识别区制度进行规定,那么防空识别区制度是否符合国际法?其法理依据何在?又存在什么问题以及如何进行完善?针对这些问题,本文从比较中美两个典型国家防空识别区制度的角度出发,综合运用多种分析方法,提出了防空识别区制度的国际法依据以及完善建议,最终目的是为了促进防空识别区制度在国际法规范的框架下有序存在和发展,从而保障国际航空便利与安全。
[Abstract]:Air defense identification zone (ADIZ) refers to the space area established by some countries and regions according to their air defense needs, and to identify, locate and control the aircraft entering the space area. The United States established an air defense identification zone in 1950, more than half a century ago. Following the United States, more than 20 countries in the world have established air defense identification zones, and have identified and managed aircraft entering their zones. China also announced the establishment of an air defense identification zone in the East China Sea in 2013. The scope of air defense identification zone and the rules of identification management have deeply affected the convenience and safety of aviation and even the relations between countries. The air defense identification zone system is so important to the countries concerned, but in the international community there is no relevant international law to provide for the air defense identification zone system, so is the air defense identification zone system in accordance with international law? What is its legal basis? What are the problems and how to improve them? In view of these problems, this paper, from the angle of comparing the air defense identification zone systems of two typical countries between China and the United States, and synthetically using various analytical methods, puts forward the international law basis of the air defense identification zone system and some suggestions for its perfection. The ultimate purpose is to promote the existence and development of the air defense identification zone system in an orderly manner under the framework of the norms of international law so as to ensure the convenience and safety of international aviation.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D993.4;E712;E256

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