WTO框架下生物燃料贸易的补贴与反补贴法律问题研究
发布时间：2018-08-11 10:16
【摘要】：保障能源安全、完成京都议定书下节能减排义务、促进农村地区发展等因素促进了全球范围内生物燃料产业的发展，各主要国家纷纷采取补贴等国内支持措施支持国内生物燃料产业的发展。目前虽然生物燃料的贸易量尚小，但是由于发达国家具有使用清洁能源的巨大需求而缺乏适耕土地及适宜气候，而发展中国家却具备发展生物燃料的比较优势，，生物燃料贸易量增长将会是大势所趋。大量的国内支持措施也在一定程度上构成了非关税贸易壁垒，扭曲了贸易，影响了全球生物燃料产业的资源配置，生物燃料相关的贸易争端已初见端倪。而现行的WTO多边贸易体制尚无专门规则规制生物燃料贸易，生物燃料的贸易分类在贸易实务中也未达成共识，现行哪些WTO规则可适用于生物燃料，这些规则适用中有哪些问题，多哈回合谈判对生物燃料补贴有何影响，这些问题都急需我们在WTO框架下审视生物燃料贸易中的补贴与反补贴问题。 本文主要分为五大部分展开论述，第一部分对生物燃料贸易进行一般分析，阐述了生物燃料的内涵，介绍了世界生物燃料的产业及贸易发展状况。 第二部分论述了WTO对生物燃料补贴的规制。首先对生物燃料补贴进行了一般分析，论述了在WTO框架下审视生物燃料补贴的必要性，接着介绍了现行WTO补贴规则的发展演变，然后对现行WTO可用于规制生物燃料补贴的关贸总协定1994（GATT1994）、补贴与反补贴措施协议（SCM）及农业协定（AOA）进行了分析，对多哈回合谈判中涉及到生物燃料的相关问题进行了总结及展望。 第三部分对生物燃料补贴与反补贴相关的WTO规则适用进行了探析。首先据生物燃料的不同分类对关贸总协定1994、补贴与反补贴措施协议及农业协定的选择适用问题进行了分析，其次论述了在这些规则选定后的生物燃料补贴与反补贴的具体适用问题。 第四部分是在WTO框架下对生物燃料补贴与反补贴的实证分析。首先以政策加法律的形式分析了生物燃料主要生产国的典型补贴政策，然后对已出现的几个生物燃料补贴与反补贴贸易争端案进行实证分析。 第五部分讲WTO框架下我国生物燃料贸易的应对之策。首先介绍了我国生物燃料产业补贴的现状，然后提出了我国的应对之策。
[Abstract]:Factors such as ensuring energy security, fulfilling the obligations of energy conservation and emission reduction under the Kyoto Protocol, and promoting the development of rural areas have contributed to the development of the biofuel industry worldwide. Major countries have adopted subsidies and other domestic support measures to support the development of domestic biofuels industry. Although the volume of trade in biofuels is still small, due to the huge demand of developed countries for clean energy, they lack suitable land and suitable climate, while developing countries have a comparative advantage in developing biofuels. The growth of biofuel trade will be the trend of the times. A large number of domestic support measures also constitute non-tariff trade barriers to some extent distort trade and affect the allocation of resources in the global biofuel industry. However, the current WTO multilateral trading system has no special rules to regulate the trade of biofuels, and the trade classification of biofuels has not reached a consensus in trade practice, which WTO rules can be applied to biofuels, and what problems exist in the application of these rules. There is an urgent need for us to examine the issue of subsidies and countervailing in biofuel trade under the WTO framework. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part is the general analysis of biofuel trade, the connotation of biofuel, and the development of biofuel industry and trade in the world. The second part discusses the regulation of WTO on biofuels subsidies. Firstly, the general analysis of biofuel subsidies is made, and the necessity of examining biofuel subsidies under the framework of WTO is discussed, and then the development and evolution of the current WTO subsidy rules are introduced. Then it analyzes the current WTO which can be used to regulate biofuel subsidies in the General Agreement on tariffs and Trade (GATT1994), the Agreement on subsidies and countervailing measures (SCM) and the Agreement on Agriculture (AOA), and summarizes and prospects the related issues related to biofuels in the Doha Round of negotiations. The third part analyzes the application of WTO rules related to biofuel subsidies and countervailing. Firstly, according to the different classification of biofuels, the selection and application of GATT 1994, the Agreement on subsidies and countervailing measures and the Agreement on Agriculture are analyzed. Secondly, the specific application of biofuel subsidy and countervailing after these rules are discussed. The fourth part is the empirical analysis of biofuel subsidies and countervailing under the WTO framework. This paper first analyzes the typical subsidy policies of the major biofuel producing countries in the form of policy and law, and then makes an empirical analysis of several cases of trade disputes between biofuels subsidies and countervailing trade. The fifth part discusses the countermeasures of China's biofuels trade under the framework of WTO. This paper first introduces the current situation of biofuel industry subsidies in China, and then puts forward some countermeasures.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D996.1
本文编号：2176704
[Abstract]:Factors such as ensuring energy security, fulfilling the obligations of energy conservation and emission reduction under the Kyoto Protocol, and promoting the development of rural areas have contributed to the development of the biofuel industry worldwide. Major countries have adopted subsidies and other domestic support measures to support the development of domestic biofuels industry. Although the volume of trade in biofuels is still small, due to the huge demand of developed countries for clean energy, they lack suitable land and suitable climate, while developing countries have a comparative advantage in developing biofuels. The growth of biofuel trade will be the trend of the times. A large number of domestic support measures also constitute non-tariff trade barriers to some extent distort trade and affect the allocation of resources in the global biofuel industry. However, the current WTO multilateral trading system has no special rules to regulate the trade of biofuels, and the trade classification of biofuels has not reached a consensus in trade practice, which WTO rules can be applied to biofuels, and what problems exist in the application of these rules. There is an urgent need for us to examine the issue of subsidies and countervailing in biofuel trade under the WTO framework. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part is the general analysis of biofuel trade, the connotation of biofuel, and the development of biofuel industry and trade in the world. The second part discusses the regulation of WTO on biofuels subsidies. Firstly, the general analysis of biofuel subsidies is made, and the necessity of examining biofuel subsidies under the framework of WTO is discussed, and then the development and evolution of the current WTO subsidy rules are introduced. Then it analyzes the current WTO which can be used to regulate biofuel subsidies in the General Agreement on tariffs and Trade (GATT1994), the Agreement on subsidies and countervailing measures (SCM) and the Agreement on Agriculture (AOA), and summarizes and prospects the related issues related to biofuels in the Doha Round of negotiations. The third part analyzes the application of WTO rules related to biofuel subsidies and countervailing. Firstly, according to the different classification of biofuels, the selection and application of GATT 1994, the Agreement on subsidies and countervailing measures and the Agreement on Agriculture are analyzed. Secondly, the specific application of biofuel subsidy and countervailing after these rules are discussed. The fourth part is the empirical analysis of biofuel subsidies and countervailing under the WTO framework. This paper first analyzes the typical subsidy policies of the major biofuel producing countries in the form of policy and law, and then makes an empirical analysis of several cases of trade disputes between biofuels subsidies and countervailing trade. The fifth part discusses the countermeasures of China's biofuels trade under the framework of WTO. This paper first introduces the current situation of biofuel industry subsidies in China, and then puts forward some countermeasures.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D996.1
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前3条
1 马晓河,蓝海涛;加入WTO后我国农业补贴政策研究[J];管理世界;2002年05期
2 余敏友;唐旗;;论WTO构建能源贸易规则及其对我国能源安全的影响[J];世界贸易组织动态与研究;2010年02期
3 张莉琴,林万龙,辛毅;我国农业国内支持政策中存在的问题及调整对策[J];中国农村经济;2003年04期
相关博士学位论文 前2条
1 甘瑛;国际货物贸易中的补贴与反补贴法律问题研究[D];厦门大学;2003年
2 薛狄;国际法对生物燃料问题的多维规制[D];吉林大学;2010年
本文编号：2176704
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/falvlunwen/guojifa/2176704.html
