国际知识产权保护新动向：《TPP协定》及其对我国国际贸易的影响分析

发布时间：2018-08-11 19:38

【摘要】：由于全球贸易不断增长而美欧日等发达国家受到金融危机的影响、经济面临衰退,亚洲发展中国家迎来了贸易繁荣时期。发展中国家的经济崛起与发展,对发达国家经济形成了巨大的挑战。为把握国际贸易主动权,发达国家又一次利用自身的技术优势,尝试提高国际知识产权保护标准,即绕过《与贸易相关的知识产权协定》(《TRIPS协定》)建立更严格的保护协定。目前处于谈判中的《跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》(Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement,即《TPP协定》)就是其中之一。由美国草拟的TPP知识产权草案不仅纳入了商标、专利和版权等知识产权实体权利,而且还囊括了包括数字环境下等诸多知识产权执法相关议题。该草案与《TRIPS协定》有诸多不同规定,远远超过《TRIPS协定》的知识产权保护水平,不仅可能影响其谈判国法律的修改,并在其国内也引起诸多争议。然而由于我国许多产业发展尚不成熟,创新能力不足,有的仍处于“幼儿”阶段；以及我国知识产权保护体系不甚健全,一旦高标准的《TPP协定》生效,作为世界第二代经济体,我国的对外贸易以及相关产业发展必然受到巨大的冲击。本文首先介绍《TPP协定》草案的发展历程及其所处国际背景,从其发展历程及国际背景中具体阐明该草案所具有的的特征,其次,重点分析《TPP协定》草案与《TRIPS协定》、《ACTA协定》(反假冒贸易协定(ACTA:Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement)不同之处,对其与《TRIPS协定》、《ACTA协定》知识产权保护制度中版权保护、商标保护、专利保护、知识产权执法措施进行多方面比较研究,从中说明其对当今世界知识产权保护制度的提高和跨越,这也是本文最大的难点。最后,为了增加验证性,笔者引用相关数据并制作了图表,以此重新审视《TPP协定》草案可能对我国贴牌加工贸易及相关知识产权密集型产业造成的负面影响。由于笔者对国际知识产权保护的研究深度不足,以及知识、能力有限,本文对我国的应对策略提了几点建议,尚不能做到面面俱到,但仍期望对我国知识产保护和对外贸易发展有着积极的作用。
[Abstract]:Due to the growing global trade, developed countries such as the United States, Europe, Japan and other developed countries have been affected by the financial crisis and their economies are facing recession, and Asian developing countries have ushered in a period of trade boom. The economic rise and development of developing countries have posed a great challenge to the economies of developed countries. In order to grasp the initiative of international trade, developed countries once again make use of their own technological advantages to try to improve the standards of international intellectual property protection, that is, to circumvent the Agreement on Trade-Related intellectual property Rights (TRIPS Agreement) to establish a more stringent protection agreement. The Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPP Agreement), which is currently under negotiation, is one of them. The TPP intellectual property draft, drafted by the United States, includes not only trademark, patent and copyright rights, but also a number of issues related to intellectual property enforcement, including in the digital environment. The draft has many different provisions from the TRIPS Agreement, which far exceeds the level of intellectual property protection of the TRIPS Agreement, which may not only affect the amendment of the law of its negotiating country, but also cause many disputes in its own country. However, because many industries in China are not mature, some are still in the "early childhood" stage, and the intellectual property protection system of our country is not perfect, once the high standard TPP Agreement comes into effect, as the second generation economy in the world, The development of China's foreign trade and related industries is bound to be greatly impacted. This paper first introduces the development course of the draft TPP Agreement and its international background, and expounds the characteristics of the draft from its development process and international background. This paper focuses on the analysis of the draft of the TPP Agreement and the TRIPS Agreement, the ACTA Agreement (the Anti-counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA:Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement) is different from the TRIPS Agreement, the ACTA Agreement, the intellectual property Protection system of the ACTA Agreement, the copyright protection, the trademark protection, the patent protection, This paper makes a comparative study on the enforcement measures of intellectual property rights, and explains the improvement and leapfrogging of the intellectual property protection system in the world, which is also the most difficult point in this paper. Finally, in order to increase the verifiability, the author cites the relevant data and makes a chart to re-examine the negative impact of the draft of the TPP Agreement on the processing trade and related intellectual property intensive industries in China. Due to the lack of research on the protection of international intellectual property rights, as well as the limited knowledge and ability, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the countermeasures of our country, which can not cover all aspects. However, it is expected to play a positive role in the protection of knowledge production and the development of foreign trade.
【学位授予单位】：南京财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D997.1;D996.1

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