论公海自由与公海保护区的关系

发布时间：2018-09-11 16:13

【摘要】：对于是否应当构建公海保护区,各国存在较大分歧。该问题的关键在于如何理解公海自由与公海保护区的关系。从理念、内容和执行层面,两者的关系可以解读为自由秩序与全球治理的关系、习惯权利与条约义务的关系以及船旗国管辖权与沿海国管辖权的关系。通过对这三个层面的分析可以发现,公海自由与公海保护区之间是相互融合、相互促进和相互平衡的关系。这种关系一方面承认公海自由与公海保护区之间的确有矛盾,另一方面也表明矛盾发展的结果将形成一种公海生物多样性养护与可持续利用的新秩序。如果能够以发展的观点看待两者关系中的矛盾,那么就应当支持公海保护区的构建。
[Abstract]:There are great differences in whether high seas protected areas should be constructed. The key to this problem is how to understand the relationship between high seas freedom and high seas protected areas. In terms of concept, content and implementation, the relationship between them can be interpreted as the relationship between free order and global governance, the relationship between customary rights and treaty obligations, and the relationship between flag State jurisdiction and coastal State jurisdiction. Through the analysis of these three aspects, it can be found that the relationship between the freedom of the high seas and the protected areas of the high seas is mutual fusion, mutual promotion and mutual balance. On the one hand, the relationship recognizes that there is a contradiction between the freedom of the high seas and the protected areas of the high seas, on the other hand, it also shows that the result of the contradictory development will form a new order for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity in the high seas. If the contradiction in the relationship can be viewed from the perspective of development, the construction of protected areas on the high seas should be supported.
【作者单位】：华东政法大学国际法学院;
【基金】：中国海洋发展研究会重大科研项目“联合国海洋法公约若干制度评价与完善研究”(项目编号:CAMAZDA201601)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D993.5

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