论海峡两岸离婚判决承认与执行

发布时间：2018-10-05 21:44

【摘要】：随着海峡两岸经济文化交流的进一步加深，两岸人员之间的婚姻缔结日益频繁，因此，海峡两岸不可避免地涉及到相互承认与执行离婚判决的问题。然而目前海峡两岸并未就该问题达成任何协议，而是各自根据己方法域的单独规定就离婚判决承认与执行进行操作。在本文中，笔者将对目前海峡两岸承认与执行对方法域离婚判决之相关规定进行梳理，通过借鉴一些国际上的做法为促进海峡两岸进一步推动离婚判决的承认与执行提出建议。本文共四章。第一部分主要界定了离婚判决承认与执行涉及的相关概念。对于判决承认与执行领域中的“判决”概念，学者的观点主要分为两类：一类是狭义上的“法院判决”，另一类则是广义上的“判决”。针对此分歧，笔者在文章中进行了相关的分析和界定。除此之外，笔者还就判决承认与执行的关系、离婚判决书的范围作出了界定，为后面的文章分析奠定了基础。第二部分主要介绍了国际社会针对离婚判决承认与执行的做法，以及在借鉴外国做法时获得的一些启示。本章分为三个小部分，分别介绍了其他大陆法系国家对于外国离婚判决承认与执行的制度、英美法系国家如何对待区际离婚判决承认与执行制度以及国际条约的一些通行做法。笔者认为，目前海峡两岸司法独立且同属于大陆法系，因此可以借鉴大陆法系国家对于外国离婚判决承认与执行的一些制度；同时海峡两岸又属于同一国家不同法域，因此英国、美国处理区际之间的离婚判决承认与执行制度对于处理两岸间离婚判决承认与执行也有一定的积极作用。最后，笔者介绍了国际条约中关于离婚判决承认与执行制度，希望能从中吸取一些养分为海峡两岸解决离婚判决承认与执行提供一些新的思路。第三部分主要在梳理海峡两岸离婚判决承认与执行制度上，就如何促进海峡两岸离婚判决承认与执行提出一些建议。本章首先介绍了目前海峡两岸离婚判决认可与执行的立法现状；其次，就海峡两岸离婚判决认可与执行中的一些问题提出自己的见解；最后，针对这些问题，笔者提出了一些促进两岸离婚判决承认与执行的建议。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of the economic and cultural exchanges between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait, the marriage between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait is becoming more and more frequent. Therefore, the issue of mutual recognition and execution of divorce judgments between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait is inevitably involved. However, at present, the two sides of the Taiwan Strait have not reached any agreement on this issue, but have operated on the recognition and enforcement of divorce judgments in accordance with the separate provisions of their respective jurisdictions. In this paper, the author will comb the relevant provisions on the recognition and execution of divorce judgments in the two sides of the Taiwan Strait, and put forward some suggestions for promoting the recognition and enforcement of divorce judgments in the two sides of the Taiwan Strait by using some international practices for reference. There are four chapters in this paper. The first part mainly defines the related concepts involved in the recognition and enforcement of divorce judgment. As for the concept of "judgment" in the field of judgment recognition and enforcement, scholars' views are divided into two categories: one is "court judgment" in a narrow sense, the other is "judgment" in a broad sense. In view of this difference, the author carries on the related analysis and the definition in the article. In addition, the author defines the relationship between judgment recognition and execution and the scope of divorce judgment, which lays a foundation for the analysis of the following article. The second part mainly introduces the international practice of recognition and enforcement of divorce judgment, as well as some enlightenment when drawing lessons from foreign practices. This chapter is divided into three parts. It introduces the system of recognition and enforcement of foreign divorce judgment in other civil law countries, how to deal with the system of recognition and enforcement of inter-regional divorce judgment and some common practices of international treaties in common law countries. The author believes that the judicial independence of the two sides of the Taiwan Strait is both civil law systems, so we can learn from the recognition and enforcement of foreign divorce judgments in civil law countries; at the same time, the two sides of the Taiwan Strait belong to different jurisdictions in the same country. Therefore, the United Kingdom and the United States deal with the system of recognition and enforcement of inter-regional divorce judgments, which also play a positive role in handling the recognition and enforcement of divorce judgments between the two sides of the strait. Finally, the author introduces the system of recognition and enforcement of divorce judgment in international treaties, hoping to draw some nutrients from it and provide some new ideas for the recognition and enforcement of divorce judgments in both sides of the Taiwan Strait. The third part puts forward some suggestions on how to promote the recognition and enforcement of divorce judgment on both sides of the Taiwan Strait. This chapter first introduces the current status of legislation on the recognition and enforcement of divorce judgments on both sides of the Taiwan Strait; secondly, it puts forward its own views on some issues in the recognition and enforcement of divorce judgments on both sides of the Taiwan Strait; finally, aiming at these problems, The author puts forward some suggestions to promote the recognition and enforcement of divorce judgment on both sides of the strait.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D997.1

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