中国加入海牙《选择法院协议公约》的路径研究

发布时间：2018-10-15 11:31

【摘要】：海牙《选择法院协议公约》旨在通过加强司法合作增进国际贸易和投资。公约采用混合模式,内容不仅涉及被选择法院和未被选择法院的权利、义务及行使上述权利、履行上述义务的方式,亦包含被选择法院所作判决的承认和执行方面,意图在民商事管辖权和外国判决承认和执行领域建立统一的规则。中国深度参与了《选择法院协议公约》的谈判,公约的内容整体上符合我国的利益。作为全球的贸易大国和正在建设的法治大国,并处在"一带一路"战略实施关键期的中国,需要构建开放型的涉外审判机制,提升国际法律服务市场,推动判决的全球性流动,从而为当事人的国际民商事活动提供确定性的法律环境。本文第一部分介绍了公约的形成背景及内容。第二部分则从加入公约符合国际潮流、加入公约符合中国利益这两大方面简要说明了我国加入公约的紧迫性及现实可行性。同时,加入公约不是简单的文件签署与递交,还需要我们对国际国内各方面利益进行综合权衡,并作出一定的制度上的安排。接下来就进入文章的主干部分,即第三、四部分。文章第三部分就我国学者关注的公约内容的几个方面展开论述,涉及到选择法院协议适用的准据法(公约认为应适用被选法院地法,而我国则适用法院地法);公约通过两项规则——"公共秩序"及"明显不公正"规则来限制当事人对法院地的选择,而我国则是通过"实际联系"原则达到此目的;同时文章还分析了公约存在的一个我国学者十分关切的重要缺陷:未将格式条款中的选择法院协议进行特殊规制,这些是文章的第三部分。文章的第四部分则针对公约与我国国内立法存在的实质性差异进行对比,运用比较分析法查明各自的优劣,提出我国加入公约时应采取的应对措施,找到我国加入公约的路径。
[Abstract]:The Hague Convention on the Choice of Court Agreement aims to enhance international trade and investment by strengthening judicial cooperation. The Convention adopts a hybrid model, covering not only the rights, obligations and the manner in which they are exercised and fulfilled by selected and unelected courts, but also the recognition and enforcement of decisions made by selected courts, It is intended to establish uniform rules in the field of civil and commercial jurisdiction and recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments. China has participated deeply in the negotiation of the Agreement on Choice of Court, the contents of which are in our country's interests as a whole. As a big trading country in the world and a large country under the rule of law under construction, and in the critical period of the implementation of "Belt and Road" strategy, China needs to build an open foreign trial mechanism, upgrade the international legal service market, and promote the global flow of judgments. So as to provide a deterministic legal environment for the parties' international civil and commercial activities. The first part of this paper introduces the background and content of the Convention. The second part briefly explains the urgency and feasibility of China's accession to the Convention from two aspects: accession to the Convention is in line with the international trend and accession to the Convention is in line with the interests of China. At the same time, accession to the Convention is not a simple document to sign and submit, but also requires us to make a comprehensive balance of international and domestic interests, and make certain institutional arrangements. Next, enter the main part of the article, that is, the third and fourth parts. The third part of the article discusses several aspects of the content of the convention concerned by Chinese scholars, which involves the choice of applicable law applicable to the agreement of the court (the law of the chosen forum should be applied in the convention, The convention limits the parties' choice of the forum through the rules of "public order" and "obvious injustice", while our country achieves this goal through the principle of "actual connection". At the same time, the article also analyzes an important defect of the convention that Chinese scholars are very concerned about: the choice of court agreement in the form clause is not regulated specially, these are the third part of the article. The fourth part of the article contrasts the substantive difference between the convention and our country's domestic legislation, uses the comparative analysis method to find out the merits and demerits of our country, puts forward the countermeasures that our country should take when we join the convention, and finds out the path of our country's joining the convention.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D994

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