民用核能的国际法制度研究
发布时间：2018-11-01 16:06
【摘要】：随着人类对于能源不断上涨的需求和对于核技术的深度研究，民用核能的发展已经成为不可逆转的趋势，尤其在能源领域，核能的发展不容小觑。民用核能法律规范的核心，就在于对民用核事故的控制。在国际法层面，民用核能领域已具备了一套初步的国际法体系，从“事前”、“事中”、“事后”三个环节对核事故的预防与处理提出了法律层面的要求和规范。但是这些法律文件之间的衔接以及它们在处理实际问题时仍存在问题，各国须通过双边或多边合作来对这一国际法体系进行补充和促进。 三十年里发生的两次7级核事故，警示着核安全的重要性也不断对法律的规制提出新的要求。切尔诺贝利核事故成为推动国际民用核能法律规制的重要契机，而福岛核事故的发生对民用核能领域的国际法以及各国的国内法又提出了新的问题和挑战，国际法在民用核事故的控制上还存在进步的空间。 中国民用核能的发展蒸蒸日上，但是现行的中国核能立法很难满足现代核电发展的需要。通过制定《原子能法》，并不断完善民用核能领域的其他法律，建立起中国国内的“事前”、“事中”、“事后”的法律体系，同时加强与其他国家、国际组织的深度合作，不仅可以促进中国民用核能的可持续发展，，还可以为中国遭遇核事故跨界损害时提供更为有效的对策。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand for energy and the deep research on nuclear technology, the development of civil nuclear energy has become an irreversible trend, especially in the field of energy, the development of nuclear energy should not be underestimated. The core of civil nuclear power law is the control of civil nuclear accidents. In the level of international law, the field of civil nuclear energy has already possessed a set of preliminary international law system, from "beforehand", "in the matter", "afterwards" three links to the nuclear accident prevention and the disposition proposed the legal aspect request and the norm. However, the interface between these legal instruments and their problems in dealing with practical problems require States to complement and promote this system of international law through bilateral or multilateral cooperation. Two Class 7 nuclear accidents occurred in the past 30 years, warning of the importance of nuclear safety and constantly putting forward new requirements for the regulation of law. The Chernobyl nuclear accident has become an important opportunity to promote the legal regulation of international civil nuclear energy, and the occurrence of the Fukushima nuclear accident has posed new problems and challenges to the international law in the field of civil nuclear energy as well as the domestic laws of various countries. There is room for progress in the control of civil nuclear accidents in international law. The development of civil nuclear energy in China is booming, but the current legislation of nuclear energy in China is very difficult to meet the needs of the development of modern nuclear power. By formulating the Atomic Energy Law and constantly perfecting other laws in the field of civil nuclear energy, China has established a domestic legal system of "prior," in the matter, "and" afterwards, "and at the same time has strengthened its deep cooperation with other countries and international organizations. It can not only promote the sustainable development of China's civil nuclear energy, but also provide more effective countermeasures for China to encounter transboundary damage caused by nuclear accidents.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D999.2
本文编号：2304420
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand for energy and the deep research on nuclear technology, the development of civil nuclear energy has become an irreversible trend, especially in the field of energy, the development of nuclear energy should not be underestimated. The core of civil nuclear power law is the control of civil nuclear accidents. In the level of international law, the field of civil nuclear energy has already possessed a set of preliminary international law system, from "beforehand", "in the matter", "afterwards" three links to the nuclear accident prevention and the disposition proposed the legal aspect request and the norm. However, the interface between these legal instruments and their problems in dealing with practical problems require States to complement and promote this system of international law through bilateral or multilateral cooperation. Two Class 7 nuclear accidents occurred in the past 30 years, warning of the importance of nuclear safety and constantly putting forward new requirements for the regulation of law. The Chernobyl nuclear accident has become an important opportunity to promote the legal regulation of international civil nuclear energy, and the occurrence of the Fukushima nuclear accident has posed new problems and challenges to the international law in the field of civil nuclear energy as well as the domestic laws of various countries. There is room for progress in the control of civil nuclear accidents in international law. The development of civil nuclear energy in China is booming, but the current legislation of nuclear energy in China is very difficult to meet the needs of the development of modern nuclear power. By formulating the Atomic Energy Law and constantly perfecting other laws in the field of civil nuclear energy, China has established a domestic legal system of "prior," in the matter, "and" afterwards, "and at the same time has strengthened its deep cooperation with other countries and international organizations. It can not only promote the sustainable development of China's civil nuclear energy, but also provide more effective countermeasures for China to encounter transboundary damage caused by nuclear accidents.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D999.2
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