论我国外派劳务合作合同的法律适用

发布时间：2018-11-05 09:04

【摘要】：国际劳务贸易在国际贸易中占据着重要地位,而其中形成的各种关系也成为国际经济发展中的重要社会关系。其中,外派劳务由于涉及到不同国家和地区的民商事法律制度,而不同国家和地区的法律规定以及不同的国际劳务条约和惯例之间在外派劳务合同的效力、外派劳务人员的待遇、外派劳务贸易参与方的权利与义务等方面的规定各不相同,依据不同的法律规定就会导致司法机构作出不同的裁决,这样就产生了法律冲突。各国间不可能形成一部有关外派劳务关系的统一实体法,以此让世界上所有国家和地区遵守、用来解决所有外派劳务关系法律冲突。因此,通过选择法律的方法确定相互冲突的若干法律之中的某一个法律作为准据法,是解决外派劳务关系法律冲突的必然方法,且会一直作为主要的方法调整外派劳务关系。作为国际私法的首要原则,意思自治原则在外派劳务关系准据法的确定中发挥着重要的作用。当事人意思自治体现的是合同自治原则,体现了当事人合意,应得到充分尊重。不过,根据各国立法,当事人意思自治要受到一定的限制,即不得排除雇员本应受到的强制性保护。最密切联系原则以合同的客观连接点作为判断依据,也充分反映了当事人签订合同的合理预期。外派劳务纠纷的本质是外派劳务中各方当事人之间的利益纠纷。因此应该在尊重私法自治原则的前提下,根据当事人意思自治原则和最切联系原则的指引,首先考虑当事人的主观意图,其次也重视合同的客观连接,确定有关合同适用的准据法,并以此作为确定各方当事人权利和义务的依据。国际劳务条约和国际劳务惯例是国际社会长期实践中形成的被广泛认可的基本规则,也应在处理外派劳务争议和确定当事人权利义务时得到重视。再次,在确定准据法时,尤其是对涉及雇员权益的事项,不能排除相关国家对雇员的强制性保护,并应适用最有利雇员的法律中的强制性规范。
[Abstract]:International labor trade occupies an important position in international trade, and the various relations formed in it also become important social relations in the development of international economy. Among them, the foreign labor service involves the civil and commercial legal system of different countries and regions, and the validity of the foreign labor service contract between the different countries and regions and the different international labor treaties and practices. The treatment of expatriate labor workers, the rights and obligations of foreign labor trade participants are different, according to different laws and regulations will lead to different judicial organs to make different decisions, so there is a conflict of laws. It is impossible for countries to form a unified substantive law on the relationship between expatriate labor services so that all countries and regions in the world can abide by it and use it to solve the legal conflicts of all the labor relations on assignment. Therefore, it is an inevitable way to solve the legal conflict of expatriate labor relations to determine one of the laws that conflict with each other by the method of choosing laws, and it will always be the main method to adjust the labor relations of expatriates. As the primary principle of private international law, the principle of autonomy of will plays an important role in the determination of applicable law of expatriate labor relations. Party autonomy embodies the principle of contract autonomy, embodies the parties' agreement and should be fully respected. However, according to national legislation, party autonomy is subject to certain restrictions, that is, employees should not be excluded from compulsory protection. The principle of the closest connection is based on the objective connection point of the contract, which fully reflects the reasonable expectation of the parties signing the contract. The essence of the labor dispute is the interest dispute between the parties. Therefore, under the premise of respecting the principle of autonomy of private law, according to the guidance of the principle of party autonomy and the principle of most relevant connection, the subjective intention of the parties should be considered first, and the objective connection of the contract should be attached importance to. Determine the applicable law applicable to the contract and use it as a basis for determining the rights and obligations of the parties. International labor treaties and international labor practices are the basic rules which have been widely accepted in the international community's long-term practice, and should also be paid attention to when dealing with the disputes of foreign labor services and determining the rights and obligations of the parties concerned. Thirdly, in determining applicable law, especially in matters involving the rights and interests of employees, the compulsory protection of employees by the State concerned cannot be excluded, and the peremptory norms in the law most favourable to employees should be applied.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D997

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