南极地区大陆架划界引发的法律制度碰撞

发布时间：2018-11-25 10:58

【摘要】：自《南极条约》1961年生效以来,南极地区一直处于以《南极条约》为核心的南极条约体系的约束之下。1982年《联合国海洋法公约》(以下简称《公约》)建立了大陆架制度,要求沿海国应在批准《公约》生效10年内完成200海里以外大陆架外部界限的划定①。1994年《公约》生效后,澳大利亚、挪威、阿根廷和英国在提交各国200海里以外大陆架外部界限划界案时,先后对60°S以南地区的外大陆架提出主张要求。通过解读南极洲领土主张国提交的外大陆架划界案和有关大陆架外部界限的初步信息,跟踪研究大陆架界限委员会审议的有关南极地区的划界案案例,分析沿海国在南极地区的大陆架划界主张的法律依据,进而深入剖析南极条约体系和《公约》两种法律制度在南极地区的矛盾与冲突,并探讨南极地区法律制度的发展走向。
[Abstract]:Since the entry into force of the Antarctic Treaty in 1961, the Antarctic region has been bound by the Antarctic Treaty system with the Antarctic Treaty at its core. The 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (hereinafter referred to as the Convention) established the regime of the continental shelf, Requiring coastal States to complete the delineation of the outer limits of the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles within 10 years of the entry into force of the Convention. 1. After the entry into force of the 1994 Convention, Australia, Norway, When Argentina and Britain made their submissions on the outer limits of the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles, they successively claimed the outer continental shelf south of 60 掳S. Following up on cases of submissions relating to the Antarctic area under consideration by the Commission on the limits of the Continental Shelf by interpreting submissions made by territorial claimants in Antarctica and preliminary information on the outer limits of the continental shelf, This paper analyzes the legal basis of the delimitation of the continental shelf of the coastal States in the Antarctic region, and further analyzes the contradictions and conflicts between the Antarctic Treaty system and the Convention in the Antarctic region, and probes into the development trend of the legal system in the Antarctic region.
【作者单位】：中国海洋大学;国家海洋局第二海洋研究所国家海洋局海底科学重点实验室;国家海洋信息中心;
【基金】：中国极地研究中心协作项目“联合国海洋法公约有关大陆架的法理研究及其对南极法律地位的潜在影响”(NBQY200902) 国家社科基金项目“国际政治中的南极:大国南极政策研究”(09BGJ014)资助
【分类号】：D993.5

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