知识产权本体关系法律适用问题研究

发布时间：2018-11-27 10:33

【摘要】：传统的国际私法观点认为，知识产权的地域性特征决定了其只在一国地域范围内有效，因而知识产权领域不能像其他民事领域一样产生法律冲突。但笔者认为，知识产权及其立法本身也能具有域外效力，只是由于人们固守其地域性，因而无法产生法律冲突。随着各国知识产权贸易往来的日益频繁与知识产权国际合作的加强，各国逐渐放弃了对知识产权的专属管辖权，知识产权的地域性得以弱化，从而各国开始普遍关注涉外知识产权的法律适用问题。因此，研究如何制定恰当的知识产权冲突规范，也即有效解决知识产权法律适用问题具有现实意义。由于知识产权本体关系纯属于一国的内国法律关系，较知识产权合同关系和侵权关系更具特殊性，因此，，本文将重点探讨知识产权本体关系的法律适用问题。本文在理论分析的基础上，结合我国现有的立法规定，对完善我国知识产权本体关系的法律适用提出了一些建议。全文共分为四个部分： 第一部分主要对知识产权本体关系法律冲突的有关内容进行了阐述。首先对知识产权本体关系的内涵进行了界定。接下来分析了妨碍知识产权本体关系产生法律冲突的原因。认为知识产权领域之所以不能产生法律冲突，主要是各国不愿承认知识产权的域外效力。但地域性并非知识产权的独有性质，因为一切权利都具有地域性。阻碍知识产权产生域外效力的根本原因时各国对于知识产权得以成立的条件规定不同。但随着知识产权地域性的逐渐弱化，知识产权又具有了一定的域外效力，从而促使知识产权本体关系法律冲突的产生。 第二部分介绍了知识产权本体关系法律冲突的解决方法，也即直接调整方法和间接调整方法。在这部分中，笔者比较创新地提出了“隐性”冲突规则的说法。因为在知识产权统一实体公约中也存在着一些解决知识产权本体关系法律冲突的冲突规则，但它们并非具体的法律适用规则，而是从统一实体公约有关规范中引申出来的法律适用原则。此外，由于这些冲突规则不是由专门的冲突法进行规定，因此相对于“显性”的冲突规范而言，称之为“隐性”冲突规则更为贴切。笔者援引大量国外学者的观点与法院判例进行了分析，认为《伯尔尼公约》第5.2条和第14条等规定确实提出了应当适用的法律，并都指向“保护国法”。 第三部分是本文重点论述的内容,也即知识产权本体关系的法律适用问题。首先，论述了知识产权专有性对知识产权法律适用的影响。当知识产权作为一般民事权利时，应当适用权利行使地法；而当知识产权作为专有权利时，则以适用被请求保护地法为主。其次，界定了知识产权本体关系的内涵。虽然知识产权是一种无形财产权，但其本体关系并不能适用一般财产的法律适用方法。因此笔者提出了知识产权本体关系的法律适用规则，也即对知识产权本体关系的法律适用采取“分割论”方法，对其不同方面分别适用冲突规则。同时，由于知识产权类型众多，在法律适用方面也应进行“分割”。 第四部分主要是对完善我国知识产权本体关系法律适用的一些思考。首先，对我国知识产权本体关系法律适用的立法规定——《民法典（草案）》以及新出台的《涉外民事关系法律适用法》进行了介绍与评价。其次，针对上述立法规定的不足，笔者在结合前文理论分析并联系我国实际情况的基础上提出了自己的完善建议，期望能使我国知识产权本体关系的法律适用规则更加全面、完整。
[Abstract]:The traditional view of private international law believes that the regional character of intellectual property determines that it is valid only in the territory of one State, so that the field of intellectual property cannot generate legal conflict as in other civil fields. But the author thinks that the intellectual property and its legislation can also have the extraterritorial effect, only because people keep their region, and thus can not produce the legal conflict. With the increasing of the trade of intellectual property and the strengthening of the international cooperation of intellectual property, countries have gradually abandoned the exclusive jurisdiction of the intellectual property right, and the region of the intellectual property right is weakened, so that the countries have begun to pay close attention to the legal application of foreign-related intellectual property rights. Therefore, it is of practical significance to study how to develop the appropriate norms of intellectual property conflict, that is, to effectively solve the problem of the application of intellectual property law. Because the relation of intellectual property ontology is pure in the legal relation of the internal state of a country, the relationship between the contract of intellectual property and the relationship of the infringement are more specific, and therefore, the article will focus on the legal application of the relationship between the intellectual property and the intellectual property. On the basis of the theory analysis, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the improvement of the legal application of the relationship between the intellectual property rights in our country in the light of the existing legislation of our country. The full text is divided into four parts: The first part mainly discusses the content of the legal conflict of the relationship between the intellectual property and the intellectual property. Firstly, the connotation of the relationship between the intellectual property and the intellectual property is defined. in that follow, the original of the legal conflict that hinder the relationship between the intellectual property and the body of the intellectual property is analyzed. In view of the fact that there is no legal conflict in the field of intellectual property, it is mainly that States do not wish to recognize the extraterritorial effects of intellectual property rights A force. But the region is not a unique property of intellectual property, because all rights have a region. (a) The conditions for the establishment of intellectual property rights by States when the root causes of the extraterritorial effects of intellectual property are hindered In the same way, with the gradual weakening of the regional property of the intellectual property, the intellectual property has a certain extraterritorial effect, thus promoting the production of the legal conflict of the relationship between the intellectual property and the intellectual property. The second part introduces the solution of the legal conflict of the relationship between the intellectual property ontology, that is, the direct adjustment method and the indirect adjustment In this part, the author puts forward the 鈥渞ecessive鈥

本文编号：2360443