论建立全球性反海盗国际法庭的必要性
发布时间：2018-12-18 03:02
【摘要】：海盗行为在新世纪的扩散,威胁着全球的海上贸易,影响了世界经济的发展。在现有的情况下,国家几乎不能承受打击海盗行为的财政的消耗,有能力打击海盗的国家或是忽视这个问题,或是忽略这些需要帮助的国家,毫无疑问,大多数贸易国家没有用足够的精力,在思想上也没有任何长远的打算,去准备用本国法律打击海盗。 为了规避本国对海盗的管辖权,部分国家采用协议的方式,将抓获的海盗引渡给第三国,由第三国行使审判权。这种廉价与便捷的方式取得了一定的成效,但由于协议国没有实现自己的承诺,使得第三国不愿再承担这个责任。 联合国安全理事会于2008年12月16日通过1851号决议,呼吁各国在索马里沿岸打击海盗,部分国家出动军舰,对索马里海盗起到一个震慑的作用,但大多数军舰对海盗只是驱赶,就算抓捕,很少对其进行审判,所以说这种方法没有从根本上解决起诉海盗的问题。 建立一个全球性的反海盗国际法庭,无论在成本开支的节约方面,还是在专业技能方面,都能取得好的成效。为此联合国秘书长潘基文在2010年7月26日就如何打击海盗列出7个方案供联合国安全理事会审议。建立全球性反海盗国际法庭,可以解决各国不愿行使管辖权的问题,也能解决国家因财政问题而不起诉海盗的弊端,建立一个全球性反海盗国际法庭有其必要性。
[Abstract]:The proliferation of piracy in the new century threatens the global maritime trade and affects the development of the world economy. In the present circumstances, States can hardly afford the financial cost of combating piracy, and there is no doubt that those States that are able to combat piracy either ignore the problem or ignore those in need of help. Most trading nations do not have enough energy, nor do they have any long-term plans to use their own laws to combat piracy. In order to circumvent their jurisdiction over pirates, some countries use the agreement to extradite the captured pirates to third countries, and the third countries exercise jurisdiction. This cheap and convenient approach has paid off, but third countries are reluctant to shoulder this responsibility because they have failed to live up to their commitments. The UN Security Council adopted resolution 1851 on December 16, 2008, calling on all countries to fight piracy off the coast of Somalia. Some countries have deployed warships to act as a deterrent to Somali pirates. But most warships only drive out pirates. Even if they are arrested, they are rarely tried, so this approach does not fundamentally solve the problem of piracy prosecution. The establishment of a global international anti-piracy court can achieve good results in terms of cost savings as well as expertise. To this end, UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon on July 26, 2010, on how to combat piracy listed seven options for consideration by the UN Security Council. The establishment of a global anti-piracy international court can solve the problem that countries are unwilling to exercise jurisdiction, but also solve the malpractice that countries do not prosecute pirates because of financial problems. It is necessary to establish a global anti-piracy international court.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D997.9
本文编号：2385217
[Abstract]:The proliferation of piracy in the new century threatens the global maritime trade and affects the development of the world economy. In the present circumstances, States can hardly afford the financial cost of combating piracy, and there is no doubt that those States that are able to combat piracy either ignore the problem or ignore those in need of help. Most trading nations do not have enough energy, nor do they have any long-term plans to use their own laws to combat piracy. In order to circumvent their jurisdiction over pirates, some countries use the agreement to extradite the captured pirates to third countries, and the third countries exercise jurisdiction. This cheap and convenient approach has paid off, but third countries are reluctant to shoulder this responsibility because they have failed to live up to their commitments. The UN Security Council adopted resolution 1851 on December 16, 2008, calling on all countries to fight piracy off the coast of Somalia. Some countries have deployed warships to act as a deterrent to Somali pirates. But most warships only drive out pirates. Even if they are arrested, they are rarely tried, so this approach does not fundamentally solve the problem of piracy prosecution. The establishment of a global international anti-piracy court can achieve good results in terms of cost savings as well as expertise. To this end, UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon on July 26, 2010, on how to combat piracy listed seven options for consideration by the UN Security Council. The establishment of a global anti-piracy international court can solve the problem that countries are unwilling to exercise jurisdiction, but also solve the malpractice that countries do not prosecute pirates because of financial problems. It is necessary to establish a global anti-piracy international court.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D997.9
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