中美轮胎特保案法律问题研究
发布时间：2018-12-18 05:02
【摘要】：2009年美国对中国的出口轮胎应用了特殊保障措施，虽然2011年9月5日，世界贸易组织上诉机构作出中国败诉的最终裁决，，但是该特保措施的采用不符合美国的国际承诺，更不符合WTO相关文件中所确定的国际规则。我国将此案诉求WTO确定的争端解决机制进行处理，以此维护中国应有的合法主权，同时反对国际经济交往中存在的贸易保护主义，维护公平与正义。 本文以中美轮胎特保案作为研究基础，对中美轮胎特保案中涉及的进口快速增长、实质损害或者实质损害威胁以及进口快速增长与实质损害之间所存在的重要因果关系等诸多法律争议进行深入的分析，得出了中美轮胎特保案对中国的启示。此案对我国的国内相关产业以及贸易环境都有很重要的影响，对完善我国特殊保障措施方面的应对策略有一定的积极作用。 文章具体内容包括： 一、案情回顾。本部分首先对中美轮胎特保案进行简单的介绍，然后对该案的每一个环节、进程进行全面的追踪，最后在上诉机构作出最终裁决结果之后，阐述该案对我国相关产业造成的影响。 二、特殊保障措施的源起。在对该案进行介绍之前，首先需要对特殊保障措施有全面的了解，本部分将从WTO体制下的保障措施、特殊保障措施的演变、各国关于特殊保障措施的相关立法等三个方面对特保措施进行阐释。 三、中美轮胎特保案的法律争议。我国加入WTO的承诺之一就是接受特保措施条款，当我国的出口产品给其它WTO成员国家生产同类产品或者直接竞争产品的国内产业造成市场扰乱，或者对第三方产生重大贸易转移时，世界贸易组织的进口成员方或者第三方在过渡期内可以对我国的出口产品采用特殊保障措施。一般认为，构成市场扰乱要满足三个要件，即进口快速增长、实质损害或实质损害威胁、进口快速增长和实质损害之间存在重要因果关系，本文将重点从这三个要件入手，对该案中存在的法律争议进行深入分析。 四、中美轮胎特保案法律问题对中国的启示。中国将此次贸易纠纷诉诸WTO，虽然最后结果不尽如意，但对中国来说却是一次宝贵经验，事后反思、总结经验教训大有必要。本部分将从正确评价轮胎特保案、积极运用举证责任、发挥政府的宏观调控能力三方面分析该案带给中国的启示。 五、后记。本论文的写作过程中，由于作者在研究水平、研究条件等方面存在一定的局限，需要进一步加强在中美轮胎特保案法律问题方面的研究。
[Abstract]:In 2009, the United States applied special safeguard measures to China's exports of tyres. Although on September 5, 2011, the WTO Appellate body issued a final ruling on China's defeat, the use of the safeguard measure was inconsistent with the United States' international commitments. It also does not conform to the international rules established in the relevant WTO documents. In order to safeguard China's legitimate sovereignty, China opposes trade protectionism in international economic exchanges and maintains fairness and justice by handling the dispute settlement mechanism determined by WTO. Based on the Sino-American tire special protection case, this paper aims at the rapid growth of imports involved in the Sino-American tire special protection case. Based on the analysis of many legal disputes, such as substantial damage or threat of substantial damage, and the important causal relationship between the rapid growth of imports and substantial damage, the enlightenment of the Sino-American tire protection case to China is obtained. This case has a very important influence on the domestic related industries and trade environment of our country, and has a certain positive effect on perfecting the coping strategy of our country's special safeguard measures. The specific contents of the article include: first, the review of the case. In this part, first of all, a brief introduction is made to the Sino-American tire protection case, and then the process of each link of the case is comprehensively tracked, and finally, after the final decision of the appellate body has been made, This paper expounds the impact of this case on China's related industries. Second, the origin of special safeguard measures. Before introducing the case, we first need to have a comprehensive understanding of the special safeguard measures. This part will begin with the evolution of the safeguard measures under the WTO system and the special safeguard measures. The special safeguard measures are explained in three aspects: the relevant legislation of special safeguard measures. Third, the legal dispute over the Sino-American tire protection case. One of China's commitments to join the WTO is to accept special safeguard measures, when China's export products cause market disruption to other WTO member countries producing similar products or directly competing domestic industries. Or when a major trade transfer occurs to a third party, the importing party or the third party of the World Trade Organization may adopt special safeguard measures on China's export products during the transitional period. It is generally believed that there are three important elements to constitute market disruption, namely, the rapid growth of imports, the threat of substantial damage or substantial damage, and the existence of an important causal relationship between rapid growth of imports and substantial damage. This paper will focus on these three elements. The legal disputes in this case are deeply analyzed. Fourth, the Chinese and American tire special protection case legal issues to China's enlightenment. Although the final result of China's appeal to the WTO, is not satisfactory, it is a valuable experience for China, and it is necessary to review the experience and lessons learned after the event. This part will analyze the enlightenment of this case from three aspects: correct evaluation of tire special protection case, positive use of burden of proof and exertion of the government's macro-control ability. Five, postscript. In the writing process of this thesis, due to the limitations of the author's research level and research conditions, it is necessary to further strengthen the research on the legal issues of tire protection cases in China and the United States.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D996.1
本文编号：2385388
[Abstract]:In 2009, the United States applied special safeguard measures to China's exports of tyres. Although on September 5, 2011, the WTO Appellate body issued a final ruling on China's defeat, the use of the safeguard measure was inconsistent with the United States' international commitments. It also does not conform to the international rules established in the relevant WTO documents. In order to safeguard China's legitimate sovereignty, China opposes trade protectionism in international economic exchanges and maintains fairness and justice by handling the dispute settlement mechanism determined by WTO. Based on the Sino-American tire special protection case, this paper aims at the rapid growth of imports involved in the Sino-American tire special protection case. Based on the analysis of many legal disputes, such as substantial damage or threat of substantial damage, and the important causal relationship between the rapid growth of imports and substantial damage, the enlightenment of the Sino-American tire protection case to China is obtained. This case has a very important influence on the domestic related industries and trade environment of our country, and has a certain positive effect on perfecting the coping strategy of our country's special safeguard measures. The specific contents of the article include: first, the review of the case. In this part, first of all, a brief introduction is made to the Sino-American tire protection case, and then the process of each link of the case is comprehensively tracked, and finally, after the final decision of the appellate body has been made, This paper expounds the impact of this case on China's related industries. Second, the origin of special safeguard measures. Before introducing the case, we first need to have a comprehensive understanding of the special safeguard measures. This part will begin with the evolution of the safeguard measures under the WTO system and the special safeguard measures. The special safeguard measures are explained in three aspects: the relevant legislation of special safeguard measures. Third, the legal dispute over the Sino-American tire protection case. One of China's commitments to join the WTO is to accept special safeguard measures, when China's export products cause market disruption to other WTO member countries producing similar products or directly competing domestic industries. Or when a major trade transfer occurs to a third party, the importing party or the third party of the World Trade Organization may adopt special safeguard measures on China's export products during the transitional period. It is generally believed that there are three important elements to constitute market disruption, namely, the rapid growth of imports, the threat of substantial damage or substantial damage, and the existence of an important causal relationship between rapid growth of imports and substantial damage. This paper will focus on these three elements. The legal disputes in this case are deeply analyzed. Fourth, the Chinese and American tire special protection case legal issues to China's enlightenment. Although the final result of China's appeal to the WTO, is not satisfactory, it is a valuable experience for China, and it is necessary to review the experience and lessons learned after the event. This part will analyze the enlightenment of this case from three aspects: correct evaluation of tire special protection case, positive use of burden of proof and exertion of the government's macro-control ability. Five, postscript. In the writing process of this thesis, due to the limitations of the author's research level and research conditions, it is necessary to further strengthen the research on the legal issues of tire protection cases in China and the United States.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D996.1
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