TRIPS协定下注册商标的使用要求
发布时间：2018-12-19 19:15
【摘要】：本文旨在研究TRIPS协定下注册商标的使用要求。绪论明确了商标使用的意义及TRIPS协定对注册商标的使用要求的国际协调意义,并对本文研究的范围予以了界定。在研究路径的指引下,正文各章具体从如下四个方面展开论述：第一章探讨了注册商标的使用要求之条约义务。首先,梳理和分析了注册商标的使用要求的条约体系,明确了TRIPS协定在注册商标使用要求的协调上所取得的进步以及在国际条约体系中的显著地位。其次,对TRIPS协定中注册商标的使用要求的起草过程、条约义务性质、具体内容和逻辑关系等进行了深入分析。商标注册阶段的使用要求属于TRIPS协定的选择性条约义务,但对于设定该阶段使用要求的成员方而言,须遵守TRIPS协定的下述规则：商标的实际使用不应成为注册申请的条件,申请之日起三年内的不使用不得成为商标注册的唯一拒绝理由。TRIPS协定中注册商标维持阶段的使用要求也属于选择性条约义务,在该阶段设定使用要求的成员方需恪守TRIPS协定在商标使用主体、不使用的期间、不使用的正当理由以及法律后果等方面的义务。最后,在条约比较和条文分析的基础上,文章指出TRIPS协定体现了迄今为止国际条约在注册商标使用要求的国际协调上的最高成就,同时也分析了TRIPS协定在协调上存在的局限性。第二章对WTO主要成员方的注册商标的使用要求制度进行了比较研究。分别考察了美国、欧盟及其主要成员国英国、德国、法国等WTO成员方的相关立法和实践,对不同成员方在商标使用的涵义及具体情形、不使用的期间、正当理由、法律后果以及相关程序等问题上的规定作了细致、深入的分析。在商标使用的概念上,尽管各主要成员方在立法规定上存在差异,但在商标实践中对商标使用的本质内涵认识趋于一致,即发挥商标区分来源功能的使用；在商标注册和权利行使阶段的使用要求上,各主要成员方并未都设定相应制度,这与不同的商标权取得制、立法传统以及商标保护制度息息相关；在注册商标维持阶段的使用要求上,各主要成员方无一例外地都规定了使用要求,且在使用主体、变形使用、不使用的法律后果、举证责任等方面规定类似,但在不使用的期间、突击使用的应对、撤销程序的启动主体等方面存在不同。这些制度上的共性与特性为注册商标的使用要求的理论研究奠定了基础,也为我国相关立法的完善提供了制度参考。第三章在前两章条约分析和国别比较的基础上,归纳了注册商标的使用要求的基本理论。第一节从商标资源的合理配置和商标保护的正当性角度考察了注册商标的使用要求的制度成因；第二节对注册商标的使用要求的基本概念作出解析,首先,从注册的起源探讨了两种商标权取得制下“注册”的不同涵义,明确了TRIPS协定下“注册”的双重涵义；其次,对商标使用的概念作出界定,明确商标使用的内涵是来源区分性使用,并从商标使用的主体、内容、对象、方式等方面探讨了商标使用的外延；最后,针对“使用”与“不使用”的关系,对商标“不使用”的涵义、认定、正当理由以及法律后果等问题作出探讨。第三节对注册商标的使用要求反映的核心关系予以辨析,并指出该制度体现了注册与使用的融合以及公权对私权的介入。第四章分析了我国的注册商标使用要求的制度现状和立法不足,并提出了制度完善的立法建议。第一节从商标使用的涵义、商标注册阶段、商标注册维持阶段以及注册商标权利行使等四个方面对我国使用要求的立法与实践现状予以了全方位的介绍；第二节针对上述四个方面分别分析了我国现行立法与实践中存在的问题与不足；第三节在结合TRIPS协定条约义务并参考其他成员相应制度的基础上,对我国注册商标使用要求的完善提出了立法建议。具体建议为：对商标使用概念进行概括±列举式界定,在商标注册阶段设立意向使用要求,在注册商标维持阶段对不使用的正当理由、突击使用的应对、注册商标权的失效时间等问题进行修改,增加注册商标程序性权利行使上的使用要求,并进一步完善注册商标实体权利行使上的使用要求。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to study the use requirements of registered trademarks under the TRIPS Agreement. The introduction of the meaning of the use of the trademark and the international coordination meaning of the TRIPS Agreement on the use of the registered trademark are defined, and the scope of the study is defined. Under the guidance of the research path, the chapters of the text are discussed in detail from the following four aspects: the first chapter discusses the treaty obligation of the use requirement of the registered trademark. First, the treaty system of the use requirement of the registered trademark is analyzed and analyzed, and the progress made by the TRIPS agreement in the harmonization of the use requirements of the registered trademark and the prominent position in the international treaty system are clarified. Secondly, the drafting process of the use requirement of the registered trademark in the TRIPS agreement, the nature of the treaty obligation, the specific content and the logical relation are deeply analyzed. The use of a trademark registration phase requires the option of a selective treaty obligation under the TRIPS Agreement, but the following rules of the TRIPS Agreement shall be followed for the members who set the use requirements of this stage: the actual use of the trade mark shall not be the subject of the registration application, The non-use of the application within three years from the date of the application shall not be the sole reason for the refusal of the trademark registration. The use requirements of the registered trademark maintenance phase in the TRIPS Agreement also fall under the obligation of the selective treaty, and the members who set the use requirements in this stage shall adhere to the obligations of the TRIPS Agreement in respect of the subject of the use of the trademark, the period of the non-use, the justification for the non-use, and the legal consequences. Finally, on the basis of the comparison of the treaty and the analysis of the provisions, the article points out that the TRIPS Agreement embodies the highest achievements of the international treaties to date on the use of registered trademarks, and also analyses the limitations of the TRIPS agreement. The second chapter makes a comparative study of the use requirement system of the registered trademark of the main member of the WTO. The relevant legislation and practice of the members of the WTO members such as the United States, the European Union and its major member States, such as the United States, the European Union and other members of the WTO, are examined, and the meaning and the specific circumstances of the use of the trade mark by different members shall be investigated, and the period and the reasons for the non-use of the trademark shall be justified. The legal consequences, as well as the related procedures, are detailed and in-depth analysis. In the concept of the use of the trade mark, although the main members are different in the legislative provisions, the definition of the essence of the use of the trademark in the practice of the trade mark tends to be the same, that is, the use of the function of distinguishing the source of the trademark is used; and in the use requirements of the trademark registration and the exercise of the right, Each major member has not set a corresponding system, which is closely related to the acquisition of different trademark rights, the legislative tradition and the trademark protection system; in the use requirements of the holding period of the registered trademark, the main members have specified the use requirements without exception, and in the case of using the main body, The use of deformation, the non-use of the legal consequences, the burden of proof, etc. are similar, but there are differences in the period of non-use, the response to the use of the assault, the subject of the withdrawal of the procedure, and the like. The commonness and characteristic on these systems lay the foundation for the theoretical study of the use requirement of the registered trademark, and also provide the system reference for the perfection of the relevant legislation in China. The third chapter summarizes the basic theory of the use requirement of the registered trademark on the basis of the previous two chapters of the treaty analysis and the country comparison. In the first section, the system origin of the use requirement of the registered trademark is examined from the reasonable allocation of the trademark resources and the legitimacy of the trademark protection; the second section analyzes the basic concept of the use requirement of the registered trademark, and first, From the origin of the registration, the author discusses the different meaning of the 鈥渞egister鈥，
本文编号：2387330
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to study the use requirements of registered trademarks under the TRIPS Agreement. The introduction of the meaning of the use of the trademark and the international coordination meaning of the TRIPS Agreement on the use of the registered trademark are defined, and the scope of the study is defined. Under the guidance of the research path, the chapters of the text are discussed in detail from the following four aspects: the first chapter discusses the treaty obligation of the use requirement of the registered trademark. First, the treaty system of the use requirement of the registered trademark is analyzed and analyzed, and the progress made by the TRIPS agreement in the harmonization of the use requirements of the registered trademark and the prominent position in the international treaty system are clarified. Secondly, the drafting process of the use requirement of the registered trademark in the TRIPS agreement, the nature of the treaty obligation, the specific content and the logical relation are deeply analyzed. The use of a trademark registration phase requires the option of a selective treaty obligation under the TRIPS Agreement, but the following rules of the TRIPS Agreement shall be followed for the members who set the use requirements of this stage: the actual use of the trade mark shall not be the subject of the registration application, The non-use of the application within three years from the date of the application shall not be the sole reason for the refusal of the trademark registration. The use requirements of the registered trademark maintenance phase in the TRIPS Agreement also fall under the obligation of the selective treaty, and the members who set the use requirements in this stage shall adhere to the obligations of the TRIPS Agreement in respect of the subject of the use of the trademark, the period of the non-use, the justification for the non-use, and the legal consequences. Finally, on the basis of the comparison of the treaty and the analysis of the provisions, the article points out that the TRIPS Agreement embodies the highest achievements of the international treaties to date on the use of registered trademarks, and also analyses the limitations of the TRIPS agreement. The second chapter makes a comparative study of the use requirement system of the registered trademark of the main member of the WTO. The relevant legislation and practice of the members of the WTO members such as the United States, the European Union and its major member States, such as the United States, the European Union and other members of the WTO, are examined, and the meaning and the specific circumstances of the use of the trade mark by different members shall be investigated, and the period and the reasons for the non-use of the trademark shall be justified. The legal consequences, as well as the related procedures, are detailed and in-depth analysis. In the concept of the use of the trade mark, although the main members are different in the legislative provisions, the definition of the essence of the use of the trademark in the practice of the trade mark tends to be the same, that is, the use of the function of distinguishing the source of the trademark is used; and in the use requirements of the trademark registration and the exercise of the right, Each major member has not set a corresponding system, which is closely related to the acquisition of different trademark rights, the legislative tradition and the trademark protection system; in the use requirements of the holding period of the registered trademark, the main members have specified the use requirements without exception, and in the case of using the main body, The use of deformation, the non-use of the legal consequences, the burden of proof, etc. are similar, but there are differences in the period of non-use, the response to the use of the assault, the subject of the withdrawal of the procedure, and the like. The commonness and characteristic on these systems lay the foundation for the theoretical study of the use requirement of the registered trademark, and also provide the system reference for the perfection of the relevant legislation in China. The third chapter summarizes the basic theory of the use requirement of the registered trademark on the basis of the previous two chapters of the treaty analysis and the country comparison. In the first section, the system origin of the use requirement of the registered trademark is examined from the reasonable allocation of the trademark resources and the legitimacy of the trademark protection; the second section analyzes the basic concept of the use requirement of the registered trademark, and first, From the origin of the registration, the author discusses the different meaning of the 鈥渞egister鈥，
本文编号：2387330
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