个人的国际法主体地位辨析

发布时间：2019-01-07 07:27

【摘要】：长期以来学术界对于个人是否具有国际法主体地位问题众说纷纭。"否定说"未能适当地界定国际法主体的构成要件,忽略了造法主体与权利义务主体之间的区别、权利义务的来源与权利义务状态之间的区别,也忽略了权利的存在、权利的实现与权利救济之间的区别,并且未能适当地解释义务的存在与追究法律责任的程序之间的关系,等等。国际法没有明确规定个人的国际法律人格,但个人在特定范围内具有国际法上的权利和义务,可反证个人在此范围内的国际人格。国内有学者担心承认个人的国际法主体地位会削弱国家主权,这种顾虑没有充分的理论和实践基础。第二次世界大战后国际法日益关注个人,涉及对个人权利的保护和对个人国际罪行的惩治两个方面,个人必将在更大范围内成为国际法的主体。
[Abstract]:For a long time, the academic circles have different opinions on whether the individual has the status of subject of international law. " The negative theory fails to properly define the constituent elements of the subject of international law, neglects the difference between the subject of making law and the subject of rights and obligations, the source of rights and obligations and the state of rights and obligations, and neglects the existence of rights. The difference between the realization of the right and the remedy of the right, and the failure to properly explain the relationship between the existence of the obligation and the procedure of investigating legal responsibility, etc. The international legal personality of the individual is not clearly defined in international law, but the individual has the rights and obligations in international law in a specific scope, which can counter the international personality of the individual in this scope. Some domestic scholars worry that the recognition of the individual's status as a subject of international law will weaken the sovereignty of the state, which does not have sufficient theoretical and practical basis. After the second World War, the international law pays more and more attention to the individual, which involves the protection of the individual's rights and the punishment of the individual's international crime.
【作者单位】：上海财经大学法学院;
【分类号】：D99

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