海盗犯罪控制视野下的区域维和研究
发布时间：2019-01-20 08:51
【摘要】：将海盗犯罪纳入犯罪控制理论中是本文的逻辑起点,由此出发,将海盗犯罪分为传统模式与现代模式。在传统模式,海盗的定义取决于城邦政治的倾向,海盗行为属于国家行为范畴,海盗作为政治工具处在了协助海洋国家争夺海权的位置。似乎与犯罪控制无关,经历了中世纪的宗教化之后,海盗行为直到近代时期才被定义为犯罪行为,其实质是从政治性向法律性的转化,这样的转化为犯罪控制系统的建立提供了空间,犯罪控制的理论形式,即“防卫空间”将被充分运用到现代海盗犯罪控制中。现代海盗犯罪已经呈现集团化、专业化以及军事化的新型特征,传统的控制方式难以再续辉煌,单纯军事打击、单一经济制裁以及传统区域控制已经严重落后于时代的发展,还可能造成海盗犯罪向海上恐怖主义的嬗变,增加犯罪控制的成本,如何建立一种由施控者、受控者以及传递者构成的“防卫空间”则是选题价值所在;应当注意到,施控者主要包括正式主体与非正式主体,正式主体主要包括国家立法机构、司法机构以及政府或者政党,非正式主体则以法律共同体为代表。受控者当然是现代海盗犯罪,重点关注的是其行为的状态以及各个犯罪数值的考察,根据对恶性海盗犯罪率、海盗犯罪率以及物资损失与人员损害的统计数量等因素,通过反馈机制引导施控者采取相应的控制措施进行犯罪控制。系统中传递者的作用就是在诸多控制方式中根据实际情况进行取舍,从而将上述三者有机地结合起来,形成一个较完善的控制体系。而本文的目的在于将这样一种系统运用于现代海盗犯罪的控制,现代海盗犯罪呈现出较多的新特点,根据这些特点,国际社会逐渐形成了以国际组织为主体的全球打击模式,其中具有代表性的是区域维和模式,在此模式中,施控者一般为多国联合舰队以及各成员国的立法与司法机构,受控者为控制区域内的海盗犯罪,值得注意的是区域内的次生犯罪同样属于受控者的范围,例如洗钱、贿赂犯罪等。本文将重点分析施控者的性质,受控者的状态以及传递者相应的变化;其次说明针对现代海盗犯罪的特点应当如何选择控制方式,具体可以分为社会控制与法律控制,社会控制以“防卫空间”系统为例,是海盗犯罪的首选控制手段;法律控制则从国际法与国内法的关系,刑事立法与刑事司法的互动两个方面进行合理配置,以达到控制目标。所有上述方式均为了这样一个目的,即将海盗犯罪控制在一个可承受的范围内,同时避免海盗犯罪向其他政治性犯罪转变。本文将采取社会学与法理学的分析方法,运用比较的研究方式对本文所列观点进行分析,以期完成将要论述的内容。
[Abstract]:It is the logical starting point of this paper to bring the crime of piracy into the theory of crime control. From this point of view, the crime of piracy is divided into the traditional mode and the modern mode. In the traditional mode, the definition of piracy depends on the political tendency of the city-state. Piracy belongs to the category of state behavior. As a political tool, piracy is in the position of assisting maritime states to fight for maritime power. It seems to have nothing to do with crime control. After the religious transformation of the Middle Ages, piracy was not defined as a crime until the modern period, and its essence was a transformation from political to legal. This transformation provides space for the establishment of the crime control system, and the theoretical form of crime control, that is, "defense space", will be fully applied to the crime control of modern pirates. The modern pirate crime has presented the new characteristics of collectivization, specialization and militarization, the traditional control mode is difficult to continue brilliant, simple military strike, single economic sanction and traditional regional control have seriously lagged behind the development of the times. It may also lead to the transmutation of piracy crime to maritime terrorism, increase the cost of crime control, and how to establish a "defense space" composed of the controller, the controlled and the transporter is the value of the selected topic; It should be noted that the perpetrators mainly include the formal and informal subjects. The formal subjects mainly include the national legislative organs, the judiciary and the government or political parties, while the informal subjects are represented by the legal community. Of course, the controlled person is a modern pirate crime. The focus is on the state of his behavior and the number of crimes committed. According to the factors such as the crime rate of vicious piracy, the crime rate of piracy, and the statistics of material loss and damage to personnel, etc., Through the feedback mechanism to guide the perpetrators to take appropriate control measures to control the crime. The role of the transporter in the system is to choose and choose according to the actual situation in many control modes, thus organically combine the above three to form a more perfect control system. The purpose of this paper is to apply such a system to the control of modern pirate crime, which presents many new characteristics. According to these characteristics, the international community has gradually formed a global strike mode with international organizations as the main body. Typical of these is the regional peacekeeping model, in which the perpetrators are generally multinational joint fleets and the legislative and judicial bodies of member States, and those who control piracy crime in the region, It is worth noting that secondary crimes in the region also fall within the scope of control, such as money laundering, bribery, and so on. This paper will focus on the analysis of the nature of the controller, the state of the controlled and the corresponding changes of the transmitter; Secondly, it explains how to choose the control mode in view of the characteristics of modern pirate crime, which can be divided into social control and legal control. Social control takes "defensive space" system as an example, which is the preferred control method of piracy crime. In order to achieve the goal of control, legal control is arranged reasonably from two aspects: the relationship between international law and domestic law, and the interaction between criminal legislation and criminal justice. All of the above are aimed at keeping piracy crimes within an affordable range, while avoiding a shift from piracy to other political crimes. This article will adopt the sociology and the jurisprudence analysis method, uses the comparative research way to carry on the analysis to this article listed viewpoint, in order to complete the content which will discuss.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D997.9
本文编号：2411874
[Abstract]:It is the logical starting point of this paper to bring the crime of piracy into the theory of crime control. From this point of view, the crime of piracy is divided into the traditional mode and the modern mode. In the traditional mode, the definition of piracy depends on the political tendency of the city-state. Piracy belongs to the category of state behavior. As a political tool, piracy is in the position of assisting maritime states to fight for maritime power. It seems to have nothing to do with crime control. After the religious transformation of the Middle Ages, piracy was not defined as a crime until the modern period, and its essence was a transformation from political to legal. This transformation provides space for the establishment of the crime control system, and the theoretical form of crime control, that is, "defense space", will be fully applied to the crime control of modern pirates. The modern pirate crime has presented the new characteristics of collectivization, specialization and militarization, the traditional control mode is difficult to continue brilliant, simple military strike, single economic sanction and traditional regional control have seriously lagged behind the development of the times. It may also lead to the transmutation of piracy crime to maritime terrorism, increase the cost of crime control, and how to establish a "defense space" composed of the controller, the controlled and the transporter is the value of the selected topic; It should be noted that the perpetrators mainly include the formal and informal subjects. The formal subjects mainly include the national legislative organs, the judiciary and the government or political parties, while the informal subjects are represented by the legal community. Of course, the controlled person is a modern pirate crime. The focus is on the state of his behavior and the number of crimes committed. According to the factors such as the crime rate of vicious piracy, the crime rate of piracy, and the statistics of material loss and damage to personnel, etc., Through the feedback mechanism to guide the perpetrators to take appropriate control measures to control the crime. The role of the transporter in the system is to choose and choose according to the actual situation in many control modes, thus organically combine the above three to form a more perfect control system. The purpose of this paper is to apply such a system to the control of modern pirate crime, which presents many new characteristics. According to these characteristics, the international community has gradually formed a global strike mode with international organizations as the main body. Typical of these is the regional peacekeeping model, in which the perpetrators are generally multinational joint fleets and the legislative and judicial bodies of member States, and those who control piracy crime in the region, It is worth noting that secondary crimes in the region also fall within the scope of control, such as money laundering, bribery, and so on. This paper will focus on the analysis of the nature of the controller, the state of the controlled and the corresponding changes of the transmitter; Secondly, it explains how to choose the control mode in view of the characteristics of modern pirate crime, which can be divided into social control and legal control. Social control takes "defensive space" system as an example, which is the preferred control method of piracy crime. In order to achieve the goal of control, legal control is arranged reasonably from two aspects: the relationship between international law and domestic law, and the interaction between criminal legislation and criminal justice. All of the above are aimed at keeping piracy crimes within an affordable range, while avoiding a shift from piracy to other political crimes. This article will adopt the sociology and the jurisprudence analysis method, uses the comparative research way to carry on the analysis to this article listed viewpoint, in order to complete the content which will discuss.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D997.9
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