系统性偏见在WTO反倾销立法中的影响—兼议中国的应对路径

发布时间：2019-01-27 15:18

【摘要】：要讨论反倾销，必须从倾销行为开始说起。倾销产生于18世纪，在当时是作为一种产业协会对于本产业出口的补贴出现的。而进口国的相同产业集团则会对这种补贴行为作出相应的应对措施，这就是反倾销的起源。当然，进口国采取相应措施所基于的目的，既不是保护市场，也不是保护消费者，仅仅是因为出口国的补贴导致了进口商品的低价，影响了进口国相应产业集团的经济利益而已。此后，反倾销作为一种贸易措施，，逐渐被许多国家所运用，并且冠以各种各样的理由。有的说是为了保护国内的市场，有的说是为了维护正常的国际贸易秩序，有的说是为了保证国际贸易竞争的公平，也有的说反倾销措施仅仅是一种贸易保护主义，争论非常的大。在经济学界，对于反倾销措施的理论基础，其实一直存在的很大的争议。尽管存在着这样的争论和分歧，反倾销立法依旧在不停的发展。在WTO成立之后，专门就反倾销做了相关的立法，使之独立的成为一个体系。正是以上理论基础的混乱和现实立法的发展，引出了本文的想要解决的疑问：为什么在理论基础并不牢固的情况下，反倾销作为一种贸易措施，能够如此迅速的在世界范围内普及并且发展？推动并且影响WTO反倾销立法的因素到底是什么？中国在这样的情形下，又应该如何的应对呢？除了导言之外，本文分为五章。第一章概括性的介绍了反倾销。从反倾销在不同历史时期的定义变化，以及不同历史时期反倾销案件的数据统计分析两个角度，对反倾销进行了介绍。第二章论述了反倾销措施的理论基础。从重商主义开始，到战略贸易理论的非普适性。最后提出了自己对于理论基础的看法。第三章通过实证数据论证了系统性偏见是存在的，并且会影响反倾销的政策。这章的最后给出了为什么反倾销作为一种贸易措施会一直存在的理论依据。第四章论证了系统性偏见是如何在WTO反倾销立法中表现的。第五章给出了中国在应对以上论证得出的世界贸易环境应该采取什么措施。
[Abstract]:To discuss anti-dumping, we must start with dumping. Dumping emerged in the 18 th century as an industry association's subsidy for its exports. The same industrial groups in importing countries will take corresponding measures to deal with this kind of subsidy, which is the origin of anti-dumping. Of course, the purpose of the measures taken by the importing country is neither to protect the market nor to protect the consumer, but only because the subsidies of the exporting country lead to the low prices of the imported goods. Affected the economic interests of the corresponding industrial groups in importing countries. Since then, as a trade measure, anti-dumping has been gradually used by many countries, and named for various reasons. Some say it is to protect the domestic market, some are to safeguard the normal international trade order, some are to ensure the fairness of international trade competition, and others say that anti-dumping measures are only a form of trade protectionism. The argument is very big. In economics, the theoretical basis of anti-dumping measures, in fact, there has been a great deal of controversy. Despite such arguments and differences, anti-dumping legislation is still developing. After the establishment of WTO, it makes relevant legislation on anti-dumping and makes it an independent system. It is the confusion of the above theoretical basis and the development of realistic legislation, which leads to the question that this paper wants to solve: why is anti-dumping a trade measure under the condition that the theoretical basis is not solid? Can it be spread and developed so quickly around the world? What are the factors that promote and influence the anti-dumping legislation of WTO? Under such circumstances, how should China deal with it? In addition to the introduction, this article is divided into five chapters. The first chapter gives a general introduction to anti-dumping. This paper introduces the definition of anti-dumping in different historical periods and the statistical analysis of anti-dumping cases in different historical periods. The second chapter discusses the theoretical basis of anti-dumping measures. From mercantilism to the non-universality of strategic trade theory. Finally, the author puts forward his own views on the theoretical basis. Chapter three demonstrates the existence of systemic bias and its influence on anti-dumping policies through empirical data. At the end of this chapter, it gives the theoretical basis of why anti-dumping as a trade measure always exists. Chapter four demonstrates how systematic bias is manifested in WTO anti-dumping legislation. The fifth chapter gives the measures that China should take to deal with the world trade environment.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D996;D922.295

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