南海涉外侵权中我国渔业权制度的需求、供给和创新

发布时间：2019-02-22 12:11

【摘要】：我国渔民的南海渔业权频频遭受涉外侵害,侵权人多为代表国家意志的外国国家机关,侵权之本质在于侵占我国南海岛礁和海域,渔业权与主权不可分割,因此南海渔业权制度须能承担维护南海主权、激励渔民行使其南海渔业权、抗衡代表外国国家意志的涉外侵权等功能。但现行制度由于设立和流转过于僵化和保守、行政保护乏力、对侵权外国渔民的执法和司法机制缺失、涉外侵权之法律责任畸轻、我国渔民损害赔偿没有保障等原因,难以适应和满足南海渔业权保护的特殊需求。我国应通过行政法规或部门规章、地方性法规模式形成南海专门法律体系,应确立不卑不亢的南海原则,应在渔业权的设立与流转、司法体制、损害赔偿、行政保护、激励与保障、保险机制、区域协作、渔民联合作业、管理机制、国际法保护等方面大胆进行制度创新。
[Abstract]:The fishing rights of Chinese fishermen in the South China Sea are frequently infringed on by foreigners, and the infringers are mostly foreign state organs representing the will of the state. The essence of infringement lies in the encroachment on islands, reefs and sea areas in the South China Sea, and the fishery rights and sovereignty are inseparable. Therefore, the system of fishery rights in the South China Sea should be able to safeguard the sovereignty of the South China Sea, encourage fishermen to exercise their fishing rights in the South China Sea, and counteract the foreign infringement on behalf of the will of foreign countries. However, due to the inflexibility and conservatism of the establishment and circulation of the current system, the lack of administrative protection, the lack of law enforcement and judicial mechanism for the infringement of foreign fishermen, the lack of legal liability for foreign infringement, and the lack of protection for damages to fishermen in China, etc. It is difficult to meet the special needs of fishery right protection in the South China Sea. Our country should form a special legal system in the South China Sea through administrative regulations or departmental regulations and local regulations. We should establish the principle of the South China Sea without inferiority, establish and circulate the fishery rights, judicial system, compensation for damages, administrative protection, etc. Incentive and safeguard, insurance mechanism, regional cooperation, fishermen joint operation, management mechanism, international law protection and so on boldly carry on the system innovation.
【作者单位】：海南大学法学院;
【基金】：司法部国家法治与法学理论研究项目(13SFB2030)“涉外侵权中我国南海渔民捕捞权保护制度研究” 海南大学青年项目(qnjj1260)“中国渔民在南海的安全问题及其对策”
【分类号】：D993.5;D997;D922.4

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