中国在南海地区构建远洋群岛制度的思考与对策

发布时间：2019-03-11 18:26

【摘要】：中国在南海地区的领土主权长期受到南海周边国家的肆意侵犯,而被多个大陆国家实践的大陆国家的远洋群岛制度对中国在南海地区领土主权的捍卫有重要的价值和意义。大陆国家的远洋群岛制度有充分的国际法和国际习惯的支撑,可以实现国际利益维护和国际社会双赢的局面。当前国际法院的判例及国际法学者的理论观点都为中国在南海地区构建大陆国家的远洋群岛制度提供了充足的国际法依据,此外,多个大陆国家的国家实践对中国南海地区构建大陆国家的远洋群岛制度具有积极的借鉴意义。大陆国家远洋群岛制度构建的内容在于确定基点和基线,划定中国在南海地区的主权边界线,以此来缓解因主权不明促就的南海地区的复杂局势。一项制度的确立必须有其积极的实践价值。中国在南海地区构建大陆国家的远洋群岛制度就是为了解决复杂多变的南海主权争端。当前中菲南海争端被菲律宾诉诸国际法院,此时大陆国家远洋群岛制度的建立对于中国解决中非争端而言具有现实意义。大陆国家的远洋群岛制度将诸岛礁看作一个整体,以整体的形式主张主权,以此为依据划定领海基线,取得领海及专属经济区。该制度可以回避南海地区一些岛礁依据《联合国海洋法公约》难以被认定为岛屿取得领海的情势。大陆国家远洋群岛制度对于中菲南海争端的解决也有重要的作用,该理论可以充分诠释菲律宾提交仲裁主张的四个基础问题。向国际社会回答了南海领土主权归属于中国的根本原因。大陆国家的远洋群岛制度对中国捍卫在南海地区的主权而言具有划时代的重要价值。充分运用大陆国家的远洋群岛制度是中国解决南海主权问题的新思路,为南海问题的解决提供了新路径。长当前形势来看,大陆国家远洋群岛制度的构建对解决中菲南海争端之一当务之急而言至关重要。但是中菲南海争端仅仅是中国面对的复杂国际问题的小缩影。南海地区局势的复杂多变的介入因素是美国的强势插手。美国为了维护自身的霸主地位,企图控制包含南海航道在内的世界主要海上战略高地,高调介入其他国家的冲突之中。在南海地区,美国为了控制南海航道,阻碍中国的发展,形成对中国的岛链封锁,以支持南海周边国家主张南海地区主权为契机,牵制中国穿过南海走向海洋发展的道路。为了突破美国的岛链封锁,实现中国经济和军事的发展,中国必须在新的国际海洋规则形成过程中占据主动地位。大陆国家远洋群岛制度的构建正是对现存的、脱离时代发展的一味由海洋大国制定的国际海洋法体系的重构与推进。这一制度对解决中国的海洋主权困境有着显著的作用。
[Abstract]:China's territorial sovereignty in the South China Sea has long been arbitrarily violated by the surrounding countries of the South China Sea, and the ocean-going archipelago system of the mainland countries practiced by many mainland countries is of great value and significance to the defence of China's territorial sovereignty in the South China Sea region. The ocean-going archipelago system of continental countries has the full support of international law and international custom, and can realize the situation of safeguarding international interests and win-win for the international community. The current jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice and the theoretical views of international law scholars have provided sufficient basis for international law for China to build a regime of ocean-going islands for mainland countries in the South China Sea. In addition, The state practice of many mainland countries has a positive reference significance for the construction of ocean-going archipelago system in the South China Sea region. The construction of the ocean-going archipelago system in mainland China is to determine the base points and baselines and delineate the boundary of China's sovereignty in the South China Sea in order to alleviate the complex situation in the South China Sea region which is promoted by the unknown sovereignty. The establishment of a system must have its positive practical value. China constructs the ocean-going archipelago system of mainland countries in the South China Sea to resolve the complex and changeable dispute over sovereignty over the South China Sea. At present, the dispute in the South China Sea between China and the Philippines has been appealed to the International Court of Justice by the Philippines. The ocean-going archipelago regime of continental countries regards the islands and reefs as a whole and claims sovereignty in the form of a whole, based on which territorial sea baselines are drawn and territorial seas and exclusive economic zones are obtained. This system can avoid the situation in which some islands and reefs in the South China Sea are difficult to be regarded as islands acquiring territorial waters under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). The ocean-going archipelago system of mainland countries also plays an important role in the settlement of the dispute between China and the Philippines in the South China Sea. The theory can fully explain the four basic issues on which the Philippines submitted its arbitration claim. To the international community to answer the South China Sea territorial sovereignty belongs to China's fundamental reasons. The ocean-going archipelago system of mainland countries is of epoch-making value for China to defend its sovereignty in the South China Sea. Making full use of the ocean-going archipelago system of mainland countries is a new way for China to solve the sovereignty problem of the South China Sea and provides a new way for the solution of the problem of the South China Sea. As far as the current situation is concerned, the establishment of the ocean-going archipelago system of mainland countries is of paramount importance to the settlement of the Sino-Philippine South China Sea dispute. But the South China Sea dispute between China and the Philippines is only a small microcosm of the complex international problems facing China. The complicated and changeable intervention factor of the situation in the South China Sea is the strong meddling of the United States. In order to maintain its supremacy, the United States is trying to control the world's major maritime strategic highlands, including the South China Sea waterway, and intervene in high-profile conflicts in other countries. In the South China Sea, in order to control the waterway in the South China Sea and hinder the development of China, the United States formed an island chain blockade against China, taking the opportunity of supporting the surrounding countries in the South China Sea to claim sovereignty in the South China Sea, and holding back China's path of crossing the South China Sea into the sea. In order to break through the island chain blockade of the United States and realize China's economic and military development, China must take an active position in the formation of the new international maritime rules. The construction of the ocean-going archipelago system of mainland countries is the reconstruction and advancement of the international law of the sea system, which is independent of the development of the times. This system plays a significant role in solving China's maritime sovereignty dilemma.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D993.5

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