《鹿特丹规则》下的承运人责任研究
发布时间：2019-03-16 08:54
【摘要】：自古以来,由于航海事业的特殊风险,承运人责任一直都作为国际海上货物运输法律制度的核心制度而存在。承运人责任制度经过几百年航运实践的不断总结和发展,已经成为一个具有鲜明时代特点的制度体系。为了适应世界经济全球化和国际经济贸易、国际航运多元化的发展,谋求国际海上运输法律的有效统一,《鹿特丹规则》应运而生。本文采用文献研究法、历史研究法、比较研究法、利益衡量法等,通过对承运人责任制度的的历史发展进程及发展趋势进行分析、探讨,并重点分析和评价《鹿特丹规则》中承运人责任制度的新发展,以及规则生效后承运人责任的承担,以期在实践中能更好的正确理解并运用《鹿特丹规则》。针对中国当前海运业和国际贸易业发展的现实需要,试着提出对中国《海商法》修改意见。 本文分为序言、正文、结语三部分。其中,正文部分分为以下四章。 第一章,国际海上承运人责任概述。主要介绍国际海上运输承运人的界定、鹿特丹规则出现之前国际海上运输公约关于承运人责任制度的历史进程,以及简要说明鹿特丹规则下承运人责任新发展。 第二章,《鹿特丹规则》下承运人责任的主要内容。主要介绍并分析《鹿特丹规则》下承运人的责任期间、免责事由、首要义务和责任限额,并且简要总结《鹿特丹规则》对承运人责任制度的新发展。 第三章,“鹿特丹时代”承运人责任的承担。鹿特丹规则在未来一旦生效必然会给国际航运业带来重磅影响,分析在“鹿特丹时代”承运人责任制度在实践中的变化具有很强的现实意义。 第四章,中国《海商法》关于承运人责任制度的规定及其完善。通过对中国《海商法》和《鹿特丹规则》关于承运人责任制度的比较,探析中国对《鹿特丹规则》的应对之策,并试着提出中国《海商法》关于承运人责任的修改意见。 结论部分对《鹿特丹规则》中承运人责任制度进行总体评价,认为《鹿特丹规则》总体上顺应了航运实践的现实需要,具有较强的时代性,创新性,系统性,体现了新的国际航运立法精神。中国应该认真研究、科学调研的基础上适时加入《鹿特丹规则》。
[Abstract]:Since ancient times, due to the special risk of navigation, carrier liability has always been the core system of international carriage of goods by sea. After hundreds of years of continuous summary and development of shipping practice, carrier liability system has become a distinctive system with the characteristics of the times. In order to adapt to the globalization of the world economy and international economic and trade, the development of international shipping diversification, seeking the effective unification of international maritime transport law, Rotterdam rules emerged as the times require. This article adopts the methods of literature research, history research, comparative research, interest measurement and so on, through the analysis of the historical development process and development trend of the carrier's liability system, and probes into the development trend of the carrier's liability system. It also analyzes and evaluates the new development of the carrier liability system in Rotterdam rules and the carrier's responsibility after the rules come into effect in order to better understand and apply the Rotterdam rules in practice. In view of the practical needs of the development of China's maritime transportation and international trade industry, this paper tries to put forward some suggestions on the revision of China's Maritime Code. This paper is divided into three parts: preface, text and conclusion. Among them, the text part is divided into the following four chapters. The first chapter is an overview of the liability of international maritime carriers. This paper mainly introduces the definition of carrier in international carriage by sea, the historical process of carrier liability in the Convention on International Maritime Carriage before the appearance of Rotterdam rule, and briefly explains the new development of carrier's liability under Rotterdam rule. Chapter II, the main content of carrier's liability under Rotterdam rules. This paper mainly introduces and analyzes the carrier's liability period under the Rotterdam rules, the reasons of exemption, the primary obligations and the limitation of liability, and briefly summarizes the new development of the Rotterdam rules for the carrier's liability system. Chapter III, "Rotterdam era" carrier liability. Once the Rotterdam rule comes into effect in the future, it will bring great influence to the international shipping industry. It is of great practical significance to analyze the change of carrier liability system in the "Rotterdam era" in practice. Chapter IV, the provisions of China Maritime Law on carrier liability system and its perfection. By comparing the carrier liability system between China Maritime Code and Rotterdam rules, this paper probes into the countermeasures of China to the Rotterdam rules, and tries to put forward some suggestions on the revision of China Maritime Code on carrier liability. In conclusion, the author makes a general evaluation of the carrier's liability system in Rotterdam rules, and considers that the Rotterdam rules generally conforms to the practical needs of shipping practice and has a strong era, innovation and systematicness. Reflect the new international shipping legislation spirit. China should study carefully and join Rotterdam rules on the basis of scientific research.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D996.19
本文编号：2441115
[Abstract]:Since ancient times, due to the special risk of navigation, carrier liability has always been the core system of international carriage of goods by sea. After hundreds of years of continuous summary and development of shipping practice, carrier liability system has become a distinctive system with the characteristics of the times. In order to adapt to the globalization of the world economy and international economic and trade, the development of international shipping diversification, seeking the effective unification of international maritime transport law, Rotterdam rules emerged as the times require. This article adopts the methods of literature research, history research, comparative research, interest measurement and so on, through the analysis of the historical development process and development trend of the carrier's liability system, and probes into the development trend of the carrier's liability system. It also analyzes and evaluates the new development of the carrier liability system in Rotterdam rules and the carrier's responsibility after the rules come into effect in order to better understand and apply the Rotterdam rules in practice. In view of the practical needs of the development of China's maritime transportation and international trade industry, this paper tries to put forward some suggestions on the revision of China's Maritime Code. This paper is divided into three parts: preface, text and conclusion. Among them, the text part is divided into the following four chapters. The first chapter is an overview of the liability of international maritime carriers. This paper mainly introduces the definition of carrier in international carriage by sea, the historical process of carrier liability in the Convention on International Maritime Carriage before the appearance of Rotterdam rule, and briefly explains the new development of carrier's liability under Rotterdam rule. Chapter II, the main content of carrier's liability under Rotterdam rules. This paper mainly introduces and analyzes the carrier's liability period under the Rotterdam rules, the reasons of exemption, the primary obligations and the limitation of liability, and briefly summarizes the new development of the Rotterdam rules for the carrier's liability system. Chapter III, "Rotterdam era" carrier liability. Once the Rotterdam rule comes into effect in the future, it will bring great influence to the international shipping industry. It is of great practical significance to analyze the change of carrier liability system in the "Rotterdam era" in practice. Chapter IV, the provisions of China Maritime Law on carrier liability system and its perfection. By comparing the carrier liability system between China Maritime Code and Rotterdam rules, this paper probes into the countermeasures of China to the Rotterdam rules, and tries to put forward some suggestions on the revision of China Maritime Code on carrier liability. In conclusion, the author makes a general evaluation of the carrier's liability system in Rotterdam rules, and considers that the Rotterdam rules generally conforms to the practical needs of shipping practice and has a strong era, innovation and systematicness. Reflect the new international shipping legislation spirit. China should study carefully and join Rotterdam rules on the basis of scientific research.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D996.19
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