论国际商事仲裁中多方当事人纠纷之非合意合并仲裁

发布时间：2019-04-02 04:20

【摘要】：20世纪以来,越来越多的国际间贸易往来纠纷,彰显出全球经济发展迅速,国际商事仲裁制度在具有高度自治性的基础上受到解决纠纷当事人的普遍青睐。经济基础决定上层建筑,国际经济的迅速发展在一定程度上对国际仲裁制度的发展起到了推动作用;上层建筑反映经济基础,国际仲裁制度的完善正是对经济贸易往来的反映。相比较于传统双方当事人仲裁,涉及多方当事人的仲裁是实践中出现的新情况,合并仲裁即在这种背景下产生。合并仲裁是指当仲裁涉及多个(大于两个)有关联的当事人或是仲裁事项等,将仲裁程序合并审理的仲裁制度。多方当事人的合并仲裁问题,关系到是否可以实现公正与效益等诸多方面,使得国际商事仲裁在理论与实践上面临了诸多挑战,是亟需应对的一大问题。本文通过研究境内外的立法规定、仲裁规则和实践做法,在非合意合并仲裁这一角度中,结合理论与实践,挖掘出对我国构建合意合并仲裁制度的有益经验,通过归纳比较、分析总结等研究方法,进行一番探讨。在此基础上,笔者认为中国的仲裁制度要作出相应的修改,以适应当今国际商事仲裁的发展变化;国内仲裁机构也应当通过增加或修改合并仲裁条款,为当事人提供参考。本文共分为四个部分。第一部分介绍什么是合并仲裁问题。合并仲裁是多方当事人纠纷的仲裁解决模式之一,之所以产生合并仲裁是由于多方当事人分别签订的仲裁协议中存在相同事项或存在共同当事人的仲裁条款,仲裁协议之间有关联性。一方面有利于纠纷的尽快解决以及防止出现相互矛盾的裁决,另一方面可能会违背当事人意思自治原则和仲裁的保密性原则。笔者认为,为了实现仲裁的程序效益和公正有效的解决纠纷,可以选择合并仲裁制度。第二部分是合并仲裁在理论界的探讨。理论与实践中关于合并仲裁支持与反对各有观点,同时,从理论上对合并仲裁规定产生争议的源头入手,分析其各自观点分别的支撑理由,以及合意合并仲裁的优势和非合意合并仲裁的劣势,评析非合意合并仲裁的不可取之处。第三部分是我国境外对于非合意合并仲裁的立法规定与实践。目前来说,中国国内对合并仲裁的态度较为保守,对于非合意合并仲裁更是少之又少。只有在先总结典型国家关于合并仲裁的立法规定、主要国际仲裁机构规则之上,探寻我国合并仲裁未来的发展道路,才更有助于国内在合并仲裁方面作出系统的规定,更好解决实践中的合并仲裁问题。第四部分是我国国内在合并仲裁方面的现有立法与实践、以及未来发展趋向。立足于我国现有国情,提出我国对于合并仲裁的做法以及未来发展趋势,给予个人建议,希望有所帮助。
[Abstract]:Since the 20th century, more and more international trade disputes have shown the rapid development of the global economy, and the international commercial arbitration system has been generally favored by the parties to resolve disputes on the basis of a high degree of autonomy. The economic base determines the superstructure, and the rapid development of the international economy promotes the development of the international arbitration system to a certain extent; the superstructure reflects the economic base, and the perfection of the international arbitration system is the reflection of the economic and trade exchanges. Compared with traditional two-party arbitration, multi-party arbitration is a new situation in practice. Combined arbitration is an arbitration system which involves multiple (more than two) related parties or arbitration matters and so on. The problem of multi-party merger arbitration is related to the realization of justice and benefit, which makes the international commercial arbitration face many challenges in theory and practice, and it is a big problem that needs to be addressed urgently. Through the study of domestic and foreign legislative provisions, arbitration rules and practical practices, in the perspective of non-consensual merger arbitration, combined with theory and practice, this paper excavates the beneficial experience of constructing a consensual merger arbitration system in our country, and compares it through induction and comparison. The research methods, such as analysis, summary, and so on, are discussed in this paper. On this basis, the author thinks that China's arbitration system should be modified to adapt to the development and change of international commercial arbitration, and domestic arbitration institutions should also provide reference for the parties by adding or modifying the combined arbitration clauses. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part introduces the question of merger arbitration. Merger arbitration is one of the arbitration settlement modes of multi-party disputes. The reason why merger arbitration occurs is that the arbitration agreement signed by multi-parties has the same matter or the arbitration clause of co-parties. The relationship between arbitration agreements. On the one hand, it is beneficial to resolve the dispute as soon as possible and to prevent the occurrence of conflicting decisions. On the other hand, it may violate the principle of party autonomy and the confidentiality of arbitration. The author thinks that in order to realize the procedural benefit of arbitration and the fair and effective settlement of disputes, we can choose the combined arbitration system. The second part is the discussion of consolidated arbitration in the theory field. In both theory and practice, there are different views on the support and opposition to merger arbitration. At the same time, starting from the source of the dispute on the merger arbitration provision, the supporting reasons of their respective viewpoints are analyzed. As well as the advantages of consensual merger arbitration and the disadvantage of non-consensual merger arbitration, the undesirability of non-consensual merger arbitration is analyzed. The third part is the legislative provisions and practice of non-consensual merger arbitration outside our country. At present, China's domestic attitude towards merger arbitration is more conservative, and less for non-consensual merger arbitration. Only by summarizing the legislative provisions of typical countries on merger arbitration and the rules of major international arbitration institutions, and exploring the future development of merger arbitration in China, will it be more helpful to make systematic provisions in the field of merger arbitration in our country. It is better to solve the problem of merger arbitration in practice. The fourth part is the existing legislation and practice of merger arbitration in our country, as well as the development trend in the future. Based on the present situation of our country, this paper puts forward the way of combining arbitration and the future development trend of our country, and gives personal suggestions, hoping to be helpful.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D997.4

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