WTO争端解决机制下的中美贸易摩擦研究

发布时间：2019-04-02 14:04

【摘要】：自从建立贸易关系到现在，中美贸易交往日益密切，其中不可避免地存在摩擦与矛盾，，中美贸易的发展道路十分曲折。逐渐地，美国成为与中国发生贸易摩擦最频繁、最激烈的国家。一方面我们可以看到的是庞大的美国市场、潜在的巨大的中国市场以及日益密切的经贸往来；另一方面我们也应该意识到美国的经贸政策是结合经济利益与政治利益为一体的政策。面对此境遇，不知道中美贸易未来走势将会如何。本文首先通过回顾近年来中美贸易摩擦的具体事件从而分析出中美贸易摩擦的新特点有政治化倾向加剧、摩擦的复合性、常态性、以及对地区乃至全球的联动效应，其次探讨中美贸易摩擦愈演愈烈的原因在于中美贸易逆差状态、美国贸易保护主义严重以及我国经济自身的缺陷导致。文章第二部分着重分析了利用WTO争端解决机制解决中美贸易争端的必要性与障碍，阐述何为WTO争端解决机制，发展中国家为何应利用该机制，以及我国利用该机制解决中美贸易争端的障碍。最后，文章探讨了我国利用WTO争端解决机制解决贸易摩擦的方法和策略。笔者认为，中美贸易摩擦是两种体制碰撞下的历史必然结果，对此我们应该积极对待，并主动采取行动，找出大环境下的自身原因。我国应健全适合WTO规则的法律制度，在扶持企业发展的过程中，应该注重对企业经营环境的优化而并非简单地用资金支持。另外我国应建立针对美国贸易信息的动态预警机制并建立专门针对中美贸易争端的研究和咨询机构，同时我国更为积极主动地起诉应诉，采取适当的报复行动从而维护自身的利益。在国际法层面，文章提出我国应在WTO规则改革中体现更多主动性、发挥更大话语权，应积极参与并推动WTO反倾销规则、反补贴规则及保障措施制度的规范与改革。
[Abstract]:Since the establishment of trade relations between China and the United States, trade exchanges between China and the United States have become increasingly close, in which inevitably there are frictions and contradictions, and the development path of Sino-US trade is very zigzag. Gradually, the United States has become the most frequent and fiercest country in trade friction with China. On the one hand, what we can see is the huge American market, the potential huge Chinese market and the increasingly close economic and trade exchanges; On the other hand, we should realize that the economic and trade policy of the United States is a combination of economic and political interests. In the face of this situation, I do not know what the future trend of Sino-US trade will be. First of all, by reviewing the specific events of Sino-US trade friction in recent years, this paper analyzes the new characteristics of Sino-US trade friction, such as the aggravation of politicization, the compound and normality of friction, and the linkage effect on the region and even the whole world. Secondly, the reason why the Sino-US trade friction is increasing is due to the state of Sino-US trade deficit, the serious trade protectionism of the United States and the defects of our economy. The second part of the article focuses on the necessity and obstacles of using WTO dispute settlement mechanism to resolve Sino-US trade disputes, expounds what is the WTO dispute settlement mechanism, and why developing countries should make use of this mechanism. And China's use of this mechanism to resolve Sino-US trade disputes obstacles. Finally, this paper discusses the methods and strategies of using WTO dispute settlement mechanism to solve trade frictions in China. The author thinks that the trade friction between China and the United States is the inevitable result of the collision between the two systems. We should treat it positively and take the initiative to find out its own reasons under the general environment. China should perfect the legal system suitable for the WTO rules. In the process of supporting the development of enterprises, we should pay attention to the optimization of the business environment of the enterprises rather than simply using funds to support them. In addition, China should establish a dynamic early-warning mechanism for US trade information and establish research and advisory bodies specifically for Sino-US trade disputes, and at the same time, China should be more proactive in prosecuting and responding to complaints. Take appropriate retaliatory action in order to defend your own interests. At the level of international law, the article puts forward that China should embody more initiative and give full play to the right of speech in the reform of WTO rules, and should actively participate in and promote the norms and reforms of the anti-dumping rules, countervailing rules and safeguard measures of WTO.
【学位授予单位】：中南民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D996.1;F752

【参考文献】