关于环境影响评价系统法律和最佳实践的比较研究和综述
发布时间:2017-08-02 03:12
本文关键词:关于环境影响评价系统法律和最佳实践的比较研究和综述
更多相关文章: 比较研究 环境影响评价 国家和国际规则 IFC业绩标
【摘要】:当今世界,环境影响评价深入到众多方面,如国家法律、开发银行运作程序和工业过程,国家惯例中也经常采用它。但是,不同的环境影响评价系统在程序和应用方面有很大的差异。本论文综述了十个权力机关的环境影响评价法律,集中于以下四个目标:环境基准学习、生物多样性和生态系统服务影响、公众参与和风险评估。本论文通过比较研究,评估了十个环境影响评价法律相对的优势和不足,,建议了增强环境影响评价系统有效力的方法。本论文研究结果显示,尽管环境影响评价标准和对其有效性的研究越来越多,没有一个环境影响评价的法律是完美的。本论文给今后的环境影响评价系统的完善指明了方向。综上所述,本论文的主要目标是帮助企业建立环境影响评价的新标准,并强调对于所有环境准则的提高的黄金标准和最佳实践。
【关键词】:比较研究 环境影响评价 国家和国际规则 IFC业绩标
【学位授予单位】:清华大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2013
【分类号】:D996.9
【目录】:
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS4-5
- 摘要5-6
- ABSTRACT6-7
- ACRONYMS7-8
- CONTENT8-10
- LIST OF FIGURES10-11
- LIST OF TABLES AND BOXES11-12
- FOREWORD12-16
- CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION16-21
- 1.1. TOTAL EIA ASPIRATIONS16-18
- 1.2. EIA GLOBAL CONTEXT18-19
- 1.3. RATIONALE OF THE RESEARCH19-21
- CHAPTER 2. EIA OVERVIEW21-35
- 2.1. DEFINITION AND PURPOSE21
- 2.2. BACKGROUND OF EIA WORLDWIDE21-27
- 2.2.1. HISTORY OF THE ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENTS OF EIA21-22
- 2.2.2. EIA EVOLUTION22-24
- 2.2.3. EIA IN THE INTERNATIONAL ARENA24-25
- 2.2.4. EIA AND MAJOR PROJECTS25-27
- 2.3. GLOBAL EIA PROCESS27-33
- 2.3.1. EIA STAGES27-31
- 2.3.2. EIA PROCESS WITHIN THE PROJECT CYCLE31-33
- 2.3.3. EIA REPORT33
- 2.4. EIA CURRENT SITUATION: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES33-35
- CHAPTER 3. COMPARATIVE STUDY METHODOLOGY35-39
- CHAPTER 4. ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE ASSESSMENT39-46
- 4.1. DEFINITION AND PURPOSES39-40
- 4.2. INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS40-42
- 4.3. COMPARATIVE STUDY RESULTS42-43
- 4.3.1. BASELINE STUDY CONTENT42-43
- 4.3.2. BASELINE STUDY METHODOLOGY43
- 4.4. RECOMMENDATIONS AND GOODS PRACTICES43-46
- CHAPTER 5. BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM SERVICES ASSESSMENT46-54
- 5.1. CURRENT SITUATION46-51
- 5.1.1. BIODIVERSITY IMPACT ASSESSMENT46-47
- 5.1.2. ECOSYSTEMS SERVICES ASSESSMENT47-51
- 5.2. COMPARATIVE STUDY RESULTS51-53
- 5.3. CHALLENGES AND RECOMMENDATIONS53-54
- CHAPTER 6. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN EIA DECISION MAKING54-64
- 6.1. DEFINITION AND PROCEDURE54
- 6.2. INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS54-57
- 6.2.1. INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION55
- 6.2.2. IFC PERFORMANCE STANDARDS55-57
- 6.3. COMPARATIVE STUDY RESULTS57-62
- 6.3.1. WHEN DOES PUBLIC PARTICIPATION START? HOW LONG DID IT LAST?57-59
- 6.3.2. WHO IS CONSIDERED TO BE A STAKEHOLDER?59-61
- 6.3.3. HOW DO STAKEHOLDERS ACCESS INFORMATION? WHAT FORMATIS USED?61-62
- 6.4. RECOMMENDATIONS AND GOOD PRACTICES62-64
- CHAPTER 7. ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT64-71
- 7.1. DEFINITION AND PROCEDURE64
- 7.2. NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS64-67
- 7.2.1. NATIONAL APPROACH64-65
- 7.2.2. IFC PERFORMANCE STANDARDS65-67
- 7.3. COMPARATIVE STUDY RESULTS67-70
- 7.3.1. DESCRIPTION OF EMERGENCY AND CONTINGENCY RESPONSE PLAN67-68
- 7.3.2. RISK SCENARIO ANALYSIS68-69
- 7.3.3. RISK ANALYSIS69-70
- 7.4. CONCLUSIONS AND CHALLENGES70-71
- CHAPTER 8. TOWARDS A NEW EIA FRAMEWORK71-74
- 8.1. WHAT ARE OTHER PROSPECTS OF CHANGES?71-72
- 8.2. WHAT WILL BE THE FUTURE SHAPE OF EIA?72-74
- CHAPTER 9. CONCLUSION74-76
- REFERENCE76-81
- APPENDIX A81-83
- APPENDIX B83-84
- APPENDIX C84-85
- APPENDIX D85-86
- APPENDIX E86-88
- APPENDIX F88-91
- RESUME91-92
【参考文献】
中国期刊全文数据库 前1条
1 秋辛;;联合国环境与发展大会召开[J];世界环境;1992年03期
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