房屋买卖中的风险负担

发布时间：2018-02-08 13:36

本文关键词： 不动产风险负担所有权主义物权变动　出处：《南京大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：风险负担问题是合同法中的重要问题。然学术界关于“风险”问题的讨论几乎都集中在动产领域,在不动产领域却很少提及,以致于汶川地震后,实践中都找不到可适用的法条来拯救现实中复杂的房屋毁损灭失。本文试图通过剖析风险负担基本理论,探讨房屋买卖中公平合理的风险负担适用规则,并对实务中的部分疑难问题和我国现行法的相关规定提出了一些见解。全文共分为五部分：第一部分界定了风险及风险负担的内涵。首先从性质和内容两方面简单介绍了风险的内涵；然后界定了风险负担的含义并对风险负担制度与其他相关制度进行了区分。第二部分论述了买卖双方均未违约时的房屋买卖风险负担。首先,详细介绍了合同成立主义、所有权主义、交付主义、债权人主义、债务人主义这五种风险负担理论；然后,仔细分析了世界各国有关风险负担问题的立法规定,探讨出世界各国实质上采纳的仍是所有权主义风险负担规则；接着,对所有权主义风险负担规则的合理性及其在双方未违约时(即一般情形下)房屋买卖中的适用性进行了讨论。第三部分论述了违约时的房屋买卖风险负担。首先,从出卖人和买受人的义务出发,界定了房屋买卖中出卖人和买受人各自的违约情形,然后对所有权主义风险负担规则是否适用于解决出卖人违约和买受人违约时的房屋买卖风险问题分别展开了讨论。第四部分论述了其他情形下的房屋买卖风险负担。在这一章,笔者主要分析探讨先登记后转移、多重买卖和买卖出租中的房屋这三种情形下的风险问题。第五部分评析了我国风险负担相关立法并提出了可行的建议。主要是针对我国《合同法》、《合同法解释三》和《最高人民法院关于审理商品房买卖合同纠纷案件适用法律若干问题的解释》中的相关规定进行了分析和讨论,指出其不足,并提出了可行的修正建议。
[Abstract]:The issue of risk burden is an important issue in contract law. However, the discussion of "risk" in academic circles is almost concentrated in the field of movable property, but rarely mentioned in the field of real estate, so that after the Wenchuan earthquake, In practice, no applicable law can be found to save the complicated house damage and loss in reality. This paper attempts to analyze the basic theory of risk burden and discuss the applicable rules of fair and reasonable risk burden in house sale and purchase. And put forward some opinions on some difficult problems in practice and the relevant provisions of the current law of our country. The full text is divided into five parts altogether:. The first part defines the connotation of risk and risk burden. Firstly, it introduces the connotation of risk from two aspects of nature and content, and then defines the meaning of risk burden and distinguishes the system of risk burden from other related systems. The second part discusses the risk burden of house sale and purchase when neither buyer nor seller has defaulted. Firstly, it introduces the five kinds of risk burden theories, such as contract formation, ownership, delivery, creditor and debtor. After a careful analysis of the legislative provisions on the issue of risk burden in various countries of the world, it is discussed that the rules of risk burden of ownership are still adopted by the countries of the world in essence; then, This paper discusses the rationality of the risk burden rule of ownership doctrine and its applicability in the case of non-breach of contract (i.e. in general case). The third part discusses the risk burden of house sale and purchase. First of all, from the obligations of seller and buyer, it defines the breach of contract between seller and buyer. Then it discusses whether the risk burden rules of ownership doctrine can solve the problem of the seller's default and the buyer's default. In this chapter, the author mainly analyzes the risk problems under the three situations of registration and transfer, multiple buying and selling and buying and selling houses. Part 5th analyzes the relevant legislation of risk burden in our country and puts forward some feasible suggestions. It is mainly aimed at the cases of contract law, interpretation of contract law and the Supreme people's Court of China concerning the trial of contract disputes on the sale and purchase of commercial housing. The relevant provisions in the interpretation of several questions of the applicable law are analysed and discussed. The deficiency is pointed out, and some feasible suggestions are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923.6

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