专利池许可中滥用专利权行为的法律规制研究

发布时间：2018-02-13 12:44

本文关键词： 专利池专利权滥用专利池许可反垄断法规制　出处：《兰州大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自1856年美国缝纫机联盟创立了世界上第一个专利池至今,专利池已经经历了150余年的发展历史,其自成立之初就显现出了巨大的市场竞争力,并在美国、欧盟、日本等地迅速发展起来。专利池是一个多项专利的集合体,一方面它能够消除专利实施中的授权障碍,大大降低专利许可的交易成本,推动专利技术的广泛应用,已日益成为各国企业参与全球市场竞争的重要战略武器；另一方面,由于专利池给各国企业带来的巨大利润,使其一直处于被各国强化保护的温床之中,渐渐地很多国外大公司就开始滥用专利权以限制竞争,谋求垄断,将其作为打压排挤竞争对手的一种工具,从而一定程度上抑制了技术的研发和创新,使专利池成为存放无效专利的避风港。这正如郑成思先生所说的,“专利制度已经走味了”。在知识经济的今天,专利池许可已经成为高科技领域非常重要的许可模式,专利池也已经受到我国的高度重视,近年来有关专利池以及专利池许可中滥用专利权行为方面的研究层出不穷,但遗憾的是,至今为止我国还未对专利池许可中滥用专利权行为形成统一的、有效的法律规制体系,大多都散见于合同法、专利法、反垄断法的条文中,而且理论性很强,缺乏可操作性,这就使得我国企业在维权时几乎无据可循,增加了维权成本。加之目前国际主流专利池都是由发达国家专利权人掌控,而我国企业又是其主要许可对象,过高的专利收费是我国面临的最突出的专利池垄断危害。因此我们有必要再一次对专利池许可模式尤其是专利池许可中滥用专利权行为进行深入的研究和分析,从而建立我国统一有效的规制专利池许可中滥用专利权行为的法律体系。与国内现有的其他研究相比,本文的创新之处在于：一方面本文不再局限于纯理论性的探讨,而更多的转向了对规制专利池许可中滥用专利权行为的实施机制的更深一步的研究,使其具有更强的可操作性。另一方面,随着我国《反垄断法》的颁布实施,并在借鉴欧美、日本、台湾及国际上的相关立法实践的基础上,提出了主要以反垄断法为主,辅之合同法、专利法等对专利池许可中滥用专利权行为进行规制的建议。全文分为引言、正文、结论三大部分,其中正文由四章构成：第一章主要介绍了专利池的定义、类别、特点以及发展历史,并进一步阐述了专利池许可的作用以及列举了专利池许可中滥用专利权行为的主要表现。第二章主要为规制专利池许可中滥用专利权行为寻找理论支撑,分别从民法上的禁止权利滥用原则、专利的垄断性质与专利许可制度的关系、专利制度和反垄断制度目的上的统一性三方面进行了详细阐述。第三章主要介绍了国际条约、美国、欧盟、日本以及我国台湾地区对专利池许可中滥用专利权行为的法律规制,经过分析比较,从而得出能够适用于我国的立法建议和实施机制。第四章首先指出了我国目前在规制专利池许可中滥用专利权行为方面的现状及不足,然后提出了具体的应对措施,一方面需要合同法、专利法及反垄断法三者相互衔接、相互协调；另一方面要求企业自身应采取措施提高创新能力,增强市场竞争力。
[Abstract]:Since 1856 the United States sewing machine alliance created the world's first patent pool now, patent pool has experienced 150 years of development history, its since its inception showed a huge market competitiveness, and in the United States, European Union, Japan and other developed rapidly. The patent pool is a collection of a number of patents. On the one hand, it can eliminate the obstacles in the implementation of patent licensing, patent licensing greatly reduce transaction costs, promote the wide application of patented technology, has become an important strategic weapon for all enterprises to compete in the global market; on the other hand, because of the huge profits brought to the patent pool of all enterprises, which has been strengthening the protection of countries the hotbed, many large foreign companies gradually began to abuse of patent rights to limit the competition to monopoly, as a tool to suppress competitive exclusion, thus to some extent. The degree of inhibition of technology development and innovation, the patent pool becomes stored haven. This patent is invalid as Mr. Zheng Chengsi said, "the patent system has been stale."
In today's knowledge-based economy, patent pool has become a high-tech field permits very important mode, patent pools have paid great attention in China in recent years, the patent pool and Patent Pool Licensing of the abuse of patent right behavior emerge in an endless stream, but unfortunately, so far our country has not the Patent Pool License in the patent abuses to form a unified system, effective legal regulation, mostly in contract law, patent law, anti-monopoly law, but also has a strong theoretical, lack of maneuverability, which makes our country enterprise rights almost no basis to follow, increasing the cost of rights in the current. The mainstream of the international patent pools are dominated by developed countries and the patentee, the enterprises of our country is the main object of licensing patent fee is too high, China faces the most prominent patent pool monopoly harm. So we have It is necessary to further study and analyze the patent pool licensing mode, especially the abuse of patent rights in Patent Pool License, so as to establish a unified and effective legal system to regulate patent abuse in Patent Pool Licensing in China.
Compared with other domestic existing research, the innovation of this paper lies in: on the one hand, this is no longer confined to purely theoretical, but more to further study the implementation mechanism of patent abuse of patent pool licensing rights behavior deeper, make its operability stronger. On the other hand, as China's "anti-monopoly law" promulgated and implemented, and in reference to Europe and the United States, Japan, Taiwan and the International Foundation of the relevant legislation and practice, put forward mainly based on anti-monopoly law, supplementary contract law, regulation of Patent Pool Licensing patent abuse behavior of the patent law proposal. The article is divided into the introduction, text, conclusion of three parts, of which the body consists of four chapters:
The first chapter mainly introduces the definition, categories, characteristics and development history of patent pools, and further expounds the role of Patent Pool Licensing, and lists the main manifestations of patent abuse in Patent Pool Licensing.
The second chapter is the regulation of Patent Pool Licensing patent abuses to find theoretical support, respectively from the right to prohibit the abuse of civil law principle, relationship between monopoly of patent and patent license, patent system and anti monopoly system to the unity of the three aspects are discussed in detail.
The third chapter mainly introduces the laws and regulations about the abuse of patent rights in Patent Pool Licensing by international treaties, the US, the European Union, Japan and Taiwan area. After analysis and comparison, we draw the legislative proposals and implementation mechanisms that can be applied to China.
The fourth chapter points out the present situation of the abuse of patent in the regulation of patent pool licensing rights behavior and the insufficiency, and puts forward concrete measures, on the one hand to contract law, patent law and antitrust law three interrelated, mutual coordination; enterprises should take measures to improve the innovation ability of the other hand and enhance market competitiveness.

【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D923.42

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