出租车运输合同成立问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-15 21:21

本文关键词： 出租车运输合同要约空驶费拒载塞车费　出处：《湖南大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着交通运输行业的发展，出租车已成为城市居民出行的一种主要交通工具，出租车运输合同法律制度已构成我国合同法制度的重要组成部分。通过对城市出租车运输合同中的相关法律问题进行系统的梳理与研究，借鉴国内外合同的成立方式，可以发现我国现有合同的三种最主要的法定缔约方式，如要约与承诺规则、意思实现和交叉要约。出租车运输合同的缔结方式要受要约承诺规则这一强制缔结方式的约束，强制要约与强制承诺产生效果的比较，有利于出租车行业的发展和社会的稳定。根据我国的实际国情，打破传统“一刀切”的方式，通过受要约人特定学说和受要约人不特定学说确定合同成立的时间。而在出租车运输合同成立时间的具体应用中，要区分繁华人多地段和人烟稀少地段两种不同的情况来具体分析：在繁华人多的地段，出租车运输合同的成立时间是在乘客登车时；对于人烟稀少的地段，应认为乘客招手即为承诺。因此出租车运输合同可以成立于乘客上车之前，也可以成立于乘客上车之后，要具体问题具体分析，不能一概而论。出租车空驶属于要约，而乘客登车属于承诺。针对出租车车票的法律性质、出租车拒载以及塞车费的正当性与妥当性等问题，从出租车运输合同成立的角度判断：出租车司机拒载构成违约的同时，也侵犯了乘客的权益；车票在出租车运输合同的成立、生效、履行和终止中始终起着主导和决定性作用；“塞车费”由乘客单方承担的情况属于合同中的格式条款，，这种合同即便订立了也属无效合同。
[Abstract]:With the development of transportation industry, taxi has become one of the main means of transportation for urban residents. The legal system of taxi transportation contract has become an important part of the contract law system of our country. It can be found that there are three main legal contracting ways in China, such as the rules of offer and acceptance, the realization of intention and the cross offer. The conclusion of taxi transportation contract is bound by the compulsory conclusion of the rule of acceptance of offer. The comparison of the effect of compulsory offer and compulsory acceptance is beneficial to the development of taxi industry and the stability of society. According to the actual situation of our country, we should break the traditional "one-size-fits-all" approach. The time of formation of the contract is determined by the specific doctrine of the offeree and the doctrine of the offeree not specific. In the specific application of the time of the formation of the contract of taxi transportation, It is necessary to make a specific analysis of the two different situations: in the bustling areas where there are many people, the time of the establishment of the taxi transport contract is when the passengers get on the train, and in the case of the sparsely populated areas, Therefore, the taxi transport contract can be established before the passenger gets on the bus, or after the passenger gets on the bus. The specific problem should be analyzed concretely, not generalized.Taxi empty driving is an offer. In view of the legal nature of taxi tickets, the legitimacy and appropriateness of taxi fares, and so on, judging from the establishment of the taxi transport contract, the taxi driver's refusal to board constitutes a breach of contract. It also infringes the rights and interests of passengers; tickets always play a leading and decisive role in the establishment, entry into force, performance and termination of the taxi transport contract; and the case of "congestion charges" borne by the passengers unilaterally falls within the formal terms of the contract. Such a contract is void even if it is concluded.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D923.6

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